Shloka 23

Origin of Jaleśvara Tīrtha and the Devas’ Appeal to Śiva against Bāṇa/Tripura

Nārada’s Mission

Devanagari script

बाण उवाच । स देवर्षिः स्वयं प्राप्तो मद्गृहं प्रति संप्रति । अर्घं पाद्यं यथान्यायं क्रियतां द्विजसत्तम

Transliteration

bāṇa uvāca | sa devarṣiḥ svayaṃ prāpto madgṛhaṃ prati saṃprati | arghaṃ pādyaṃ yathānyāyaṃ kriyatāṃ dvijasattama

Translation

বাণে ক’লে: সেই দেৱর্ষি স্বয়ং এতিয়া মোৰ গৃহলৈ আহি উপস্থিত হৈছে। হে দ্বিজসত্তম, বিধি অনুসাৰে অৰ্ঘ্য আৰু পাদ্য—স্বাগতৰ জল আৰু পদপ্ৰক্ষালনৰ জল—অৰ্পণ কৰা হওক।

Word by Word

• बाणः: Bāṇa
• बाणः: Karta (कर्ता) (speaker)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बाण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative 1), एकवचन (Singular)

• उवाच: said/spoke
• उवाच: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वच् (धातु) (परस्मैपदी)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect/लिट्), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person/प्रथम), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद (Parasmaipada)

• सः: he/that one
• सः: Karta (कर्ता) (of प्राप्तः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative 1), एकवचन (Singular)

• देवर्षिः: the divine sage
• देवर्षिः: Apposition (समनाधिकरण) to सः
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव-ऋषि (प्रातिपदिक); देव (प्रातिपदिक) + ऋषि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative 1), एकवचन (Singular); कर्मधारय: 'divine sage'

• स्वयम्: personally / himself
• स्वयम्: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण) of प्राप्तः
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: स्वयम् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (Indeclinable), प्रकार/स्वतन्त्रता-बोधक (adverb: 'personally/oneself')

• प्राप्तः: has arrived
• प्राप्तः: Kriyā (क्रिया) (predicative with सः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्र-आप्त (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक, क्त); √आप् (धातु) with प्र-उपसर्ग
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative 1), एकवचन (Singular); क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (PPP) 'arrived/obtained'

• मत्-गृहम्: to my house
• मत्-गृहम्: Karma (कर्म) / Goal (गन्तव्य) with प्रति
• Type: Noun
• Root: मत्-गृह (प्रातिपदिक); मत् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + गृह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative 2), एकवचन (Singular); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: 'my house'

• प्रति: towards
• प्रति: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण) (direction marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्रति (अव्यय)
• Form: उपसर्ग/पूर्वसर्गसदृश अव्यय (preposition-like indeclinable), गत्यर्थक (towards)

• संप्रति: now / just now
• संप्रति: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण) of प्राप्तः
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: संप्रति (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (temporal adverb): 'now/just now'

• अर्घम्: honor-offering (arghya)
• अर्घम्: Karma (कर्म) (object of क्रियताम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्घ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative 2), एकवचन (Singular)

• पाद्यम्: water for washing the feet
• पाद्यम्: Karma (कर्म) (object of क्रियताम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाद्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative 2), एकवचन (Singular)

• यथा-न्यायम्: as is proper
• यथा-न्यायम्: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण) of क्रियताम्
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा-न्याय (प्रातिपदिक); यथा (अव्यय) + न्याय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाव-समास (adverbial compound): 'according to rule/propriety'; अव्ययवत् प्रयोग (used indeclinably)

• क्रियताम्: let (it) be done / perform
• क्रियताम्: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √कृ (धातु) (आत्मनेपदी/कर्मणि प्रयोग)
• Form: लोट्-लकार (Imperative/लोट्), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular); कर्मणि प्रयोग (passive): 'let it be done/should be performed'

• द्विजसत्तम: O best of the twice-born (brahmin)
• द्विजसत्तम: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्विज-सत्तम (प्रातिपदिक); द्विज (प्रातिपदिक) + सत्तम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), सम्बोधन-विभक्ति (Vocative/सम्बोधन), एकवचन (Singular); षष्ठी/कर्मधारयार्थ-तत्पुरुष: 'best among the twice-born'

Speaker

Bāṇa

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Geographic Context

Type: city

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: मद्गृहं = मत् + गृहम्; यथान्यायं = यथा + न्यायम् (अव्ययीभाव).

Characters & Entities

• Bāṇa
• Devarṣi (divine sage)
• Dvijasattama (a brāhmaṇa addressee)

FAQs

What is the significance of offering arghya and pādya in this verse?

Arghya and pādya are standard honors for a respected guest, expressing reverence and dharmic hospitality—welcoming the visitor and ritually acknowledging their sanctity.

Who is the speaker and what is he instructing?

The speaker is Bāṇa. He instructs a brāhmaṇa (addressed as dvijasattama) to perform the customary guest-offerings because a devarṣi has arrived at his home.

What ethical teaching does this verse convey?

It emphasizes atithi-satkara (honoring guests), especially holy visitors, as a practical expression of dharma—doing what is proper “according to rule” rather than neglecting social and ritual duties.