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Shloka 8

Cāturāśramya-dharma—Marks of the Four Āśramas (चातुराश्रम्यधर्मः)

त्रैविद्यानां या गतित्रहिाणानां ये चैवोक्ताश्चाश्रमा ब्राह्मणानाम्‌ । एतत्‌ कर्म ब्राह्मणस्याहुरग्र्य- मन्यत्‌ कुर्वज्छूद्रवच्छस्त्रवध्य:

traividyānāṃ yā gatiḥ trahiṇānāṃ ye caivoktāś cāśramā brāhmaṇānām | etat karma brāhmaṇasyāhur agryam anyat kurvañ chūdravac chastravadhyaḥ ||

তিনিটা বেদত পাৰদৰ্শী ব্ৰাহ্মণসকলৰ বাবে বিধিত যজ্ঞাদি বৈদিক কৰ্ম আৰু তেওঁলোকৰ বাবে কোৱা চাৰিটা আশ্ৰম—এইবোৰেই ব্ৰাহ্মণৰ সৰ্বোচ্চ ধৰ্ম বুলি ঘোষণা কৰা হৈছে। যি ব্ৰাহ্মণ ইয়াৰ বিপৰীত আচৰণ কৰি সেই নিৰ্দিষ্ট শাসন ত্যাগ কৰে, তাক শূদ্ৰসম গণ্য কৰি শস্ত্ৰদণ্ডৰ যোগ্য বুলি ধৰা হয়।

त्रैविद्यानाम्of the three Vedas / of the triple Vedic lore
त्रैविद्यानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootत्रैविद्य (त्रि+विद्या)
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
याwhich
या:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
गतिःcourse; path; prescribed practice
गतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
त्रहिाणानाम्of the three (uncertain reading)
त्रहिाणानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootत्रहिाण (पाठभ्रंश/दुष्पाठ; सम्भाव्यः त्रैवर्णिक/त्रयाणाम्/त्रयाणां)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
येwhich (those that)
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed; just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
उक्ताःsaid; prescribed
उक्ताः:
TypeAdjective
Rootवच्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
आश्रमाḥstages of life (āśramas)
आश्रमाḥ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआश्रम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
ब्राह्मणानाम्of Brahmins
ब्राह्मणानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
एतत्this
एतत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
कर्मduty; act; prescribed work
कर्म:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
ब्राह्मणस्यof a Brahmin
ब्राह्मणस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
आहुःthey say; they declare
आहुः:
TypeVerb
Rootअह्
FormPerfect, Third, Plural
अग्र्यम्the foremost; the best
अग्र्यम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअग्र्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अन्यत्other (than this)
अन्यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootअन्यद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कुर्वन्doing; performing
कुर्वन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शूद्रवत्like a Śūdra
शूद्रवत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootशूद्रवत्
शस्त्रवध्यःfit to be slain by weapons
शस्त्रवध्यः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootशस्त्रवध्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

इन्द्र उवाच

I
Indra
B
Brahmin (brāhmaṇa)
Ś
Śūdra
T
Three Vedas (trayī/traividya)
F
Four āśramas

Educational Q&A

The verse asserts that a Brahmin’s highest dharma is adherence to Vedic learning and the prescribed disciplines of sacrifice and the four āśramas; deviation from this ordained conduct is portrayed as a grave fall from Brahminical status and invites severe sanction.

In Śānti Parva’s discourse on dharma, Indra speaks normatively about Brahmin conduct, defining the ideal Brahmin path (Vedic rites and āśrama duties) and warning that acting against it warrants harsh punishment, emphasizing maintenance of social-religious order.