Shloka 4
Bhīṣma’s Hymn to Viṣṇu and Kṛṣṇa’s Criteria for Divine Self-Disclosure
नमस्ते त्रिषु लोकेषु नमस्ते परतस्त्रिषु । योगेश्वर नमस्ते<स्तु त्वं हि सर्वपरायण:
namas te triṣu lokeṣu namas te paratas triṣu | yogeśvara namas te 'stu tvaṁ hi sarvaparāyaṇaḥ ||
তিনিও লোকত ব্যাপ্ত আপোনাক নমস্কাৰ। ত্ৰিগুণৰ অতীত আপোনাক প্ৰণাম। হে যোগেশ্বৰ! আপোনাক নমস্কাৰ; আপুনিয়েই সকলোৰে পৰম আশ্ৰয়।
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
True dharma is anchored in recognizing a supreme principle that pervades the cosmos yet transcends the three guṇas; devotion and surrender to that highest refuge (sarvaparāyaṇa) orient ethical life beyond mere worldly success.
In Śānti Parva, Bhīṣma—teaching after the war—utters a hymn-like salutation, addressing the Lord as all-pervading across the three worlds and as the transcendent master of yoga, establishing a devotional and metaphysical foundation for the instruction that follows.