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Shloka 40

Atithi-prāpti and the Brāhmaṇa’s Deliberation on Triadic Dharma (अतिथिप्राप्तिः धर्मत्रयविचारश्च)

योडसौ त्वयाभिनिर्दिष्टो ह्धिकारो<र्थचिन्तक: । परिपाल्य: कथं तेन साहंकारेण कर्तृणा,(और इस प्रकार बोले--) “भगवन्‌! पितामह! आप महान्‌ प्रभावशाली हैं। आपने ही हमलोगोंकी सृष्टि की है। हममेंसे जिसको जिस अधिकार या कार्यमें प्रवृत्त होना है तथा आपके द्वारा जिस अर्थसाधक अधिकारका निर्देश किया गया है, उसका पालन अहंकारयुक्त कतकि द्वारा कैसे हो सकता है?

yo 'sau tvayābhinirdiṣṭo 'dhikāro 'rthacintakaḥ | paripālyaḥ kathaṃ tena sāhaṃkāreṇa kartṛṇā ||

“আপুনি যি উদ্দেশ্যসাধক অধিকাৰ আৰু কৰ্তব্য নিৰ্দেশ কৰিছে, ‘মইহে কৰ্তা’—এনে অহংকাৰযুক্ত কৰ্তাই তাক কেনেকৈ যথাযথভাৱে পালন কৰিব?”

यःwho/which (he)
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
असौthat (person/thing)
असौ:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअसद्/अदस् (pronoun stem)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
त्वयाby you
त्वया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Instrumental, Singular
अभिनिर्दिष्टःspecified/indicated
अभिनिर्दिष्टः:
TypeAdjective
Rootअभि-नि-√दिश् (निर्दिश्) → अभिनिर्दिष्ट (PPP)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अधिकारःduty/authority/office
अधिकारः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअधिकार
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अर्थचिन्तकःone who considers/pursues the goal/meaning
अर्थचिन्तकः:
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थचिन्तक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
परिपाल्यःto be observed/maintained
परिपाल्यः:
TypeAdjective
Rootपरि-√पाल् → परिपाल्य (gerundive)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कथम्how
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
तेनby him/with that
तेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
स-अहंकारेणwith ego/possessing ego
स-अहंकारेण:
TypeAdjective
Rootअहंकार
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
कर्तृणाby an agent/doer
कर्तृणा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकर्तृ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
P
Pitāmaha (Grandfather figure, i.e., Bhīṣma in Śānti Parva context)

Educational Q&A

Rightful duty (adhikāra) is sustained not merely by external assignment but by inner disposition; egoistic doership (ahaṃkāra-kartṛtva) undermines faithful observance of dharma because it replaces service to the prescribed order with self-assertion.

In the Śānti Parva’s instructional setting, the speaker (reported by Vaiśampāyana) raises a doubt: if roles and duties are divinely/authoritatively prescribed for beings, how can a person who acts with ego and the sense of ‘I am the doer’ properly carry out and preserve that prescribed duty?