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Shloka 49

Śuka’s Guṇa-Transcendence and Vyāsa’s Consolation (शुकगति-वर्णनम्)

अथवा दु:खशैथिल्यं वीक्ष्य लिड़े कृता मतिः । कि तदेवार्थसामान्यं छत्रादिषु न लक्ष्यते,अथवा यदि कहें कि त्रिदण्ड और गैरिक वस्त्र आदि धारण करनेसे कुछ सुविधा प्राप्त होती है और कष्ट कम होता है, इसलिये संन्यासियोंने उन चिह्लोंको धारण करनेका विचार किया है तो छत्र आदि धारण करनेमें भी इसी सामान्य प्रयोजनकी ओर क्‍यों न दृष्टि रखी जाय?

athavā duḥkha-śaithilyaṁ vīkṣya liṅge kṛtā matiḥ | kiṁ tad evārtha-sāmānyaṁ chatrādiṣu na lakṣyate ||

জনকে ক’লে—অথবা এই চিহ্নবোৰে কষ্ট কিছু শিথিল কৰে বুলি দেখি তপস্বীয়ে সেয়া গ্ৰহণ কৰিছে বুলি ক’লে; তেন্তে যদি এটাই সাধাৰণ ব্যৱহাৰিক উদ্দেশ্য হয়, ছাতি আদি ব্যৱহাৰত সেই একে উদ্দেশ্য কিয় নেদেখা যায়?

अथवाor else
अथवा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथवा
दुःखsuffering, hardship
दुःख:
TypeNoun
Rootदुःख
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative (as compound member), Singular
शैथिल्यम्slackening, relaxation, mitigation
शैथिल्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशैथिल्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वीक्ष्यhaving seen, considering
वीक्ष्य:
TypeVerb
Root√वीक्ष्
FormAbsolutive (त्वान्त/ल्यप्), Parasmaipada (usage)
लिङ्गेin the sign/mark (external emblem)
लिङ्गे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootलिङ्ग
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
कृताmade, formed
कृता:
TypeVerb
Root√कृ
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Feminine, Nominative, Singular
मतिःthought, intention
मतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
किम्why? what?
किम्:
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
अर्थpurpose, benefit
अर्थ:
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ
FormMasculine, Nominative/Accusative (as compound member), Singular
सामान्यम्common, general
सामान्यम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसामान्य
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
छत्रumbrella
छत्र:
TypeNoun
Rootछत्र
FormNeuter, Locative (as compound member), Plural (in compound sense)
आदिषुetc., and the like (in ... and others)
आदिषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootआदि
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
लक्ष्यतेis seen/observed
लक्ष्यते:
TypeVerb
Root√लक्ष्
FormPresent, Indicative, Passive (ātmanepada form), 3, Singular

जनक उवाच

J
Janaka
L
liṅga (ascetic emblems)
C
chatra (umbrella)
T
tridaṇḍa (threefold staff)
G
gairika-vastra (ochre cloth)

Educational Q&A

Janaka questions whether ascetic emblems are adopted for genuine spiritual reasons or merely for practical comfort. If the justification is simply reducing hardship, then ordinary conveniences (like an umbrella) would serve the same end—implying that external signs alone do not establish true renunciation or dharma.

In a discourse on dharma and renunciation in the Śānti Parva, King Janaka challenges the rationale behind visible ascetic identifiers (such as staff and ochre robes). He argues that if these are defended as tools for easing discomfort, then similar everyday items should be equally acceptable, thereby probing the difference between symbolic identity and inner discipline.