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Shloka 24

Adhyāya 302: Guṇa-vicāra, Gati-bheda, and the Imperishable State

Yājñavalkya–Janaka

भूतसर्गमहड्कारात्‌ तृतीयं विद्धि पार्थिव । अहड्कारेषु सर्वेषु चतुर्थ विद्धि वैकृतम्‌

bhūtasargamahaṅkārāt tṛtīyaṁ viddhi pārthiva | ahaṅkāreṣu sarveṣu caturthaṁ viddhi vaikṛtam, pṛthvīnatha ||

বসিষ্ঠ ক’লে— “হে পাৰ্থিৱ, অহংকাৰৰ পৰা যি সৃষ্টিৰ উদ্ভৱ, তাক তৃতীয় সৰ্গ বুলি জানিবা; তাৰ পৰাই সূক্ষ্ম ভূতসমূহৰ সৃষ্টিও প্ৰবাহিত হয়। আৰু হে পৃথ্বীনাথ, সাত্ত্বিক, ৰাজস আৰু তামস—অহংকাৰৰ সকলো ৰূপৰ পৰা যি বিভক্ত সৃষ্টিৰ উৎপত্তি, তাক চতুৰ্থ ‘বৈকৃত-সৰ্গ’ বুলি বুজিবা।”

भूतसर्गमहङ्कारात्from the bhūta-creation (i.e., from the bhūta-sarga) called/connected with ahaṅkāra
भूतसर्गमहङ्कारात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootभूतसर्गमहङ्कार
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
तृतीयम्the third
तृतीयम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootतृतीय
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
विद्धिknow (you should know)
विद्धि:
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
पार्थिवO king / O ruler
पार्थिव:
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थिव
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
अहङ्कारेषुin/among the ahaṅkāras
अहङ्कारेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअहङ्कार
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
सर्वेषुin all
सर्वेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
चतुर्थम्the fourth
चतुर्थम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootचतुर्थ
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
विद्धिknow
विद्धि:
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
वैकृतम्as ‘vaikṛta’ (the vaikṛta creation)
वैकृतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootवैकृत
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
पृथ्वीनाथO lord of the earth
पृथ्वीनाथ:
TypeNoun
Rootपृथ्वीनाथ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

वसिष्ठ उवाच

V
Vasiṣṭha
P
pārthiva (the king addressed)
P
pṛthvīnatha (the king addressed)
A
ahaṅkāra
B
bhūtasarga
V
vaikṛta-sarga

Educational Q&A

The verse maps creation in Sāṅkhya terms: from ahaṅkāra arises the emanation of subtle elements (a ‘third’ creation), and from the differentiated modes of ahaṅkāra—sāttvika, rājasa, and tāmasa—arises the ‘vaikṛta’ (derivative/modified) creation. The ethical thrust is that understanding the mind’s ego-principle as a cosmic process helps loosen personal identification and supports detachment and liberation.

In Śānti Parva’s didactic setting, Vasiṣṭha instructs a king on metaphysical doctrine. Here he classifies stages of creation, naming the third as the element-emanation from ahaṅkāra and the fourth as the vaikṛta creation produced through the three guṇa-conditioned forms of ahaṅkāra.