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Shloka 6

Daṇḍa, Ahiṃsā, and Proportional Kingship: The Dyumatsena–Satyavān Dialogue (दण्ड-अहिंसा-विवेकः)

आपके कथनानुसार सत्पुरुषोंका आचरण धर्म माना गया है और जिनमें धर्माचरण लक्षित होता है

yudhiṣṭhira uvāca | āpake kathanānusāra satpuruṣāṇāṃ ācaraṇaṃ dharmaḥ manyate, yeṣu ca dharmācaraṇaṃ lakṣyate te eva satpuruṣāḥ | evaṃ sati anyonyāśraya-doṣa-prasaṅgāt sādhya-asādhya-vivekaḥ kathaṃ syāt? evaṃ sati sadācāro dharmasya lakṣaṇaṃ na bhavitum arhati | dṛśyate hi dharma-rūpeṇā-dharmaḥ prākṛtaś caran | dharmaṃ cā-dharma-rūpeṇa kaścid aprākṛtaś caran ||

যুধিষ্ঠিৰে ক’লে—আপোনাৰ কথামতে সৎপুৰুষৰ আচৰণেই ধৰ্ম, আৰু যাৰ ভিতৰত ধৰ্মাচৰণ দেখা যায় তেওঁলোকেই সৎপুৰুষ। কিন্তু এনেদৰে ধৰি ল’লে অন্যোন্যাশ্ৰয়-দোষ ঘটে; তেন্তে কৰণীয় আৰু অকৰণীয়ৰ বিবেচনা কেনেকৈ হ’ব? সেয়ে সদাচাৰ মাত্ৰেই ধৰ্মৰ লক্ষণ হ’ব নোৱাৰে। কিয়নো এই জগতত দেখা যায়—বহু সাধাৰণ লোকে ধৰ্মৰ ৰূপ ধৰি থকা অধৰ্ম আচৰে, আৰু কিছুমান শিষ্ট-সংযত পুৰুষে অধৰ্ম যেন লাগিলেও ধৰ্মকেই অনুশীলন কৰে। সুতৰাং কেৱল বাহ্য আচৰণেৰে ধৰ্ম-অধৰ্ম নিৰ্ণয় সম্ভৱ নহয়।

दृश्यतेis seen/appears
दृश्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormLat (Present), Atmanepada, 3, Singular, Karmani (Passive)
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
धर्मरूपेणin the form/guise of dharma
धर्मरूपेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootधर्मरूप
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
अधर्मम्adharma (unrighteousness)
अधर्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
प्राकृतःordinary/common (person)
प्राकृतः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्राकृत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
चरन्practising/doing
चरन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootचर्
FormShatr (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
धर्मम्dharma (righteousness)
धर्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अधर्मरूपेणin the form/guise of adharma
अधर्मरूपेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअधर्मरूप
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
कश्चित्someone/a certain (person)
कश्चित्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootकश्चित्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अप्राकृतःnon-ordinary/refined (person)
अप्राकृतः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअप्राकृत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
चरन्practising/doing
चरन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootचर्
FormShatr (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira

Educational Q&A

Dharma cannot be defined solely by ‘what good people do,’ because that definition becomes circular and because appearances can mislead: Adharma may masquerade as Dharma, and true Dharma may look like Adharma. One must apply deeper discernment beyond external custom.

In the Śānti Parva’s ethical discussions, Yudhiṣṭhira challenges a proposed criterion for Dharma—identifying it with the conduct of the virtuous—by pointing out the logical flaw of circular definition and the practical problem that actions can be deceptive in appearance.