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Shloka 21

Adhyāya 240: Indriya–Manas–Buddhi–Ātman — The Inner Hierarchy and Restraint (इन्द्रिय-मनस्-बुद्धि-आत्म-क्रमः)

त॑ पश्यन्ति महात्मानो ब्राह्मणा ये मनीषिण: । धृतिमन्तो महाप्राज्ञा: सर्वभूतहिते रता:

taṁ paśyanti mahātmāno brāhmaṇā ye manīṣiṇaḥ | dhṛtimanto mahāprājñāḥ sarvabhūtahite ratāḥ | sattvasaṁsevanād dhīro nidrām ucchettum arhati |

সেই (পৰমাত্মা)ক কেৱল সেই মহাত্মা ব্ৰাহ্মণসকলেই দেখে, যিসকল মনীষী—ধৃতিসম্পন্ন, মহাপ্ৰাজ্ঞ আৰু সৰ্বভূতহিতত ৰত। সত্ত্বৰ সাধনাৰে ধীৰ পুৰুষ নিদ্ৰা (তমস) ছিন্ন কৰিবলৈ যোগ্য হয়; অন্তৰ্জয়—স্বভাৱশুদ্ধি আৰু মনোনিগ্ৰহ—দ্বাৰাই সৰ্বব্যাপী আত্মাৰ সাক্ষাৎ দর্শন সম্ভৱ হয়।

तम्him/that (Supreme Self)
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पश्यन्तिsee
पश्यन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
महात्मानःgreat-souled ones
महात्मानः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहात्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
ब्राह्मणाःBrahmins
ब्राह्मणाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
येwho
ये:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
मनीषिणःwise ones, sages
मनीषिणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमनीषिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
धृतिमन्तःsteadfast, possessing fortitude
धृतिमन्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootधृतिमत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
महाप्राज्ञाःof great wisdom
महाप्राज्ञाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमहाप्राज्ञ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सर्वभूतहितेin the welfare of all beings
सर्वभूतहिते:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसर्वभूतहित
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
रताःengaged, devoted
रताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootरत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सत्त्वसंसेवनात्from/through the practice of sattva (purity)
सत्त्वसंसेवनात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootसत्त्वसंसेवन
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
धीरःthe steadfast man
धीरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधीर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
निद्राम्sleep
निद्राम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनिद्रा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
उच्छेत्तुम्to cut off, to eliminate
उच्छेत्तुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootउद्-छिद्
FormTumun (infinitive)
अर्हतिis able/fit, deserves
अर्हति:
TypeVerb
Rootअर्ह्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
B
brāhmaṇas (as a class of sages/seekers)
P
Paramātman/Ātman (implied by taṁ)

Educational Q&A

Vision of the Supreme Self is attained by sages who combine discernment (manīṣā), steadfast self-control (dhṛti), great wisdom, and active commitment to the welfare of all beings; cultivating sattva supports wakeful clarity by overcoming torpor (nidrā).

Vyāsa is describing the qualifications of those who can ‘see’ the Supreme Reality: they are wise brāhmaṇas devoted to universal good, and through sattvic discipline they overcome dullness and maintain the inner clarity needed for realization.