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Shloka 3

Guru’s Instruction on Dream, Mind, Guṇas, and Knowing Brahman

Svapna–Manas–Guṇa–Brahma-vicāra

तिर्यग्योनिगतं रूपं कथं धारितवान्‌ प्रभु: । केन कार्यनिसर्गेण तमाख्याहि महाबल,महाबली पितामह! सम्पूर्ण जगतके प्रभु होकर भी इन्होंने किस निमित्तसे तिर्यग्योनिमें जन्म ग्रहण किया; यह मुझे बताइये

Yudhiṣṭhira uvāca: tiryagyonigataṃ rūpaṃ kathaṃ dhāritavān prabhuḥ | kena kāryanisargeṇa tam ākhyāhi mahābala, mahābalī pitāmaha ||

হে মহাবলী পিতামহ! সমগ্ৰ জগতৰ প্ৰভু হৈও তেওঁ কেনেকৈ তিৰ্যগ্যোনিগত ৰূপ ধাৰণ কৰিলে? কোন উদ্দেশ্য আৰু কোন কাৰণ-নিমিত্তে তেওঁ নিম্ন যোনিত জন্ম ল’লে—মোক সেই কথা ক’ব।

तिर्यक्obliquely; (as qualifier) in the animal realm
तिर्यक्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतिर्यक्
योनि-गतंgone into a womb/species (i.e., born in a species)
योनि-गतं:
TypeAdjective
Rootयोनि-गत
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
रूपंform
रूपं:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरूप
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कथंhow?
कथं:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
धारितवान्has borne/assumed
धारितवान्:
TypeVerb
Rootधृ
Formक्तवतुँ (past active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रभुःthe Lord/master
प्रभुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रभु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
केनby what?; for what reason?
केन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
कार्य-निसर्गेणby what purpose/necessity (lit. by the nature of the task/purpose)
कार्य-निसर्गेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकार्य-निसर्ग
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
तम्that (matter)/him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आख्याहिtell; explain
आख्याहि:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-ख्या
FormImperative, 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada
महाबलO great-strong one
महाबल:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाबल
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
महाबलीO very mighty one
महाबली:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाबलिन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
पितामहO grandsire
पितामह:
TypeNoun
Rootपितामह
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
B
Bhīṣma (Pitāmaha)
P
Prabhu (the Lord)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames a dharmic inquiry into divine action: even the supreme Lord may assume seemingly lowly embodiments, and such descent is to be understood through purpose (kārya) and causal order (nisarga), not through ordinary limitation.

In the Śānti Parva dialogue, Yudhiṣṭhira questions Bhīṣma about a Lordly figure who took birth in an animal womb, asking what reason or mission required such an embodiment.