Shloka 4
Daṇḍa-svarūpa-nirūpaṇa
The Nature, Forms, and Function of Daṇḍa
यथा बहणि चित्राणि बिभर्ति भुजगाशन: । तथा बहुविध॑ राजा रूप॑ कुर्वीत धर्मवित्,जैसे साँप खानेवाला मोर विचित्र पंख धारण करता है, उसी प्रकार धर्मज्ञ राजाको समय-समयपर अपना अनेक प्रकारका रूप प्रकट करना चाहिये
yathā bahūni citrāṇi bibharti bhujagāśanaḥ | tathā bahuvidhaṃ rājā rūpaṃ kurvīta dharmavit ||
ভীষ্মে ক’লে— যেনেকৈ সৰ্পভোজী ময়ূৰে নানা বিচিত্ৰ বৰ্ণ ধাৰণ কৰে, তেনেকৈ ধৰ্মজ্ঞানী ৰজাইও সময় বুজি নানাবিধ ৰূপ প্ৰকাশ কৰিব লাগে।
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
A dharma-knowing king should be adaptable: he must assume different outward roles and strategies as circumstances demand—conciliatory, firm, secretive, or generous—without abandoning righteousness. The simile of the peacock’s many colors highlights versatility guided by dharma.
In Shanti Parva’s instruction on kingship, Bhishma continues advising on rajadharma. Here he uses a natural image—the peacock that eats snakes and displays many colors—to counsel that a ruler should reveal different ‘forms’ at different times for effective and ethical governance.