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Shloka 18

Adhyāya 115: On Restraint Under Verbal Provocation in the Assembly (सभायां आक्रोश-सहिष्णुता)

अधीरजुष्टे पथि वर्तमान दमादपेतं विनयाच्च पापम्‌ | अरिव्रतं नित्यमभूतिकामं धिगस्तु तं पापमतिं मनुष्यम्‌,वह मूर्खोद्वारा सेवित पथपर चलनेवाला है। इन्द्रिय-संयम और विनयसे कोसों दूर है। उसने शत्रुताका व्रत ले रखा है। वह सदा सबकी अवनति चाहता है। उस पापात्मा एवं पापबुद्धि मनुष्यको धिक्कार है

bhīṣma uvāca | adhīra-juṣṭe pathi vartamānaṃ damād apetaṃ vinayāc ca pāpam | ari-vrataṃ nityam abhūti-kāmaṃ dhig astu taṃ pāpa-matiṃ manuṣyam ||

ভীষ্মে ক’লে—ধিক সেই পাপবুদ্ধি মানুহক, যি অধীৰ লোকসকলে সেৱা কৰা পথত চলে, সংযম আৰু বিনয়ৰ পৰা দূৰত থাকে, বৈৰকেই ব্রত কৰি লৈছে আৰু সদায় আনৰ পতন কামনা কৰে।

अधीरजुष्टेon a path frequented by the impatient/undisciplined
अधीरजुष्टे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootअधीर-जुष्ट
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
पथिon the path
पथि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपथ्
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
वर्तमानःmoving/being engaged (in)
वर्तमानः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवर्त्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दमात्from self-control
दमात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootदम
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
अपेतम्gone away from; devoid of
अपेतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअप-इ (अपेत)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
विनयात्from humility/discipline
विनयात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootविनय
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पापम्sin/evil
पापम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपाप
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अरिव्रतम्having enmity as a vow; vowed to be an enemy
अरिव्रतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअरि-व्रत
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
नित्यम्always
नित्यम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनित्य
अभूतिकामम्desiring others' non-prosperity/ruin
अभूतिकामम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअ-भूति-काम
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
धिक्shame! fie!
धिक्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootधिक्
अस्तुlet there be
अस्तु:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormImperative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular
तम्that (man), him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पापमतिम्evil-minded
पापमतिम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपाप-मति
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
मनुष्यम्man/person
मनुष्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमनुष्य
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma

Educational Q&A

Bhishma condemns a character type: one who rejects self-restraint (dama) and humility (vinaya), makes hostility a life-principle (ari-vrata), and wishes for others’ decline (abhūti-kāma). The ethical lesson is that malice and undisciplined conduct are anti-dharmic and socially destructive.

In Shanti Parva’s instruction on righteous conduct, Bhishma delivers a moral judgment, censuring the person who habitually follows the reckless path and lives by enmity and ill-will toward others.