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Shloka 35

मृदु-तीक्ष्ण-नीति तथा दुष्टलक्षण-विज्ञानम्

Measured Policy and the Recognition of Malicious Disposition

यथा वप्रे वेगवति सर्वतः सम्प्लुतोदके । नित्यं विवरणाद्‌ बाधस्तथा राज्यं प्रमाद्यतः,जैसे जलका प्रवाह बड़े वेगसे बह रहा हो और सब ओर जल-ही-जल फैल रहा हो, उस समय नदीतटके विदीर्ण होकर गिर जानेका सदा ही भय रहता है। उसी प्रकार यदि राजा सावधान न रहे तो उसके राज्यके नष्ट होनेका खतरा बना रहता है

yathā vapre vegavati sarvataḥ samplutodake | nityaṁ vivaraṇād bādhas tathā rājyaṁ pramādyataḥ ||

যেনেকৈ প্ৰবল সোঁতত চাৰিওফালে পানী বিয়পি পৰিলে নদীৰ পাৰত ফাট ধৰি ভাঙি পৰাৰ আশংকা সদায় থাকে, তেনেকৈ ৰজা যদি অসাৱধান হয় তেন্তে ৰাজ্য বিনাশৰ বিপদো সদা বিদ্যমান থাকে।

यथाjust as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
वप्रेon/at the embankment (bank)
वप्रे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवप्र
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
वेगवतिwhen (the water) is swift/impetuous
वेगवति:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootवेगवत्
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
सर्वतःon all sides
सर्वतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसर्वतः
सम्प्लुतflooded, inundated
सम्प्लुत:
TypeAdjective
Rootसम् + प्लु
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
उदकेin water
उदके:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootउदक
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
नित्यम्always
नित्यम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनित्य
विवरणात्from a breach/cleft (gap)
विवरणात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootविवरण
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
बाधःdanger, harm, obstruction
बाधः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबाध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तथाso, likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
राज्यम्kingdom, rule
राज्यम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराज्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
प्रमाद्यतःfrom (the king) being negligent; due to negligence
प्रमाद्यतः:
Apadana
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + मद्
FormPresent active participle (शतृ), Masculine, Ablative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
K
king (implied)
K
kingdom
R
riverbank/embankment
F
flooding water/current

Educational Q&A

A ruler must remain continually alert; negligence (pramāda) creates small breaches that quickly become irreversible collapse, just as a flood breaks a weakened embankment.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on kingship, Bhishma advises the king through a vivid simile: the state is like a riverbank under flood—only constant watchfulness and maintenance prevent ruin.