Shloka 30

Devanagari script

तत्पञ्चाला: सोमकाश्चापि राजन्‌ कर्णेनाजौ पीड्यमाना: शरौचै: । क्रोधाविष्टा विव्यधुस्तं समन्तात्‌ तीक्षणैर्बाणै: सूतपुत्र॑ं समेता:

Transliteration

tatpañcālāḥ somakāś cāpi rājan karṇenājau pīḍyamānāḥ śaraughaiḥ | krodhāviṣṭā vivyadhus taṃ samantāt tīkṣṇair bāṇaiḥ sūtaputraṃ sametāḥ ||

Translation

Sañjaya said: O King, the Pañcālas and the Somakas, hard-pressed in the battle by Karṇa’s volleys of arrows, were seized by anger. Gathering together, they struck the charioteer’s son from all sides with sharp shafts—meeting force with force in the fierce ethics of war, where wrath and retaliation drive men to collective assault.

Word by Word

• तत्: him/that (one)
• तत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• पञ्चालाः: the Panchalas
• पञ्चालाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पञ्चाल
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• सोमकाः: the Somakas
• सोमकाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: सोमक
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• अपि: also
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि

• राजन्: O king
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• कर्णेन: by Karna
• कर्णेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्ण
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• अजौ: in battle
• अजौ: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: अज
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• पीड्यमानाः: being oppressed/harassed
• Type: Verb
• Root: पीड्
• Form: शानच् (present passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Plural, Passive

• शरौघैः: by showers/masses of arrows
• शरौघैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: शर-ओघ
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• क्रोधाविष्टाः: possessed by anger, enraged
• Type: Adjective
• Root: क्रोध-आविष्ट
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• विव्यधुः: they pierced
• Type: Verb
• Root: व्यध्
• Form: Perfect (Liṭ), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada

• तम्: him
• तम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• समन्तात्: from all sides / all around
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: समन्तात्

• तीक्ष्णैः: with sharp
• तीक्ष्णैः: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तीक्ष्ण
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• बाणैः: arrows
• बाणैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: बाण
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• सूतपुत्रम्: the charioteer’s son (Karna)
• सूतपुत्रम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सूत-पुत्र
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• समेताः: having come together, united
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम्-इ (समेत)
• Form: क्त (past passive participle, used adjectivally), Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra
• Karṇa
• Pañcālas
• Somakas
• arrows (śara/bāṇa)