Shloka 48

Devanagari script

विश: शूद्राश्न सूताश्व ये च संकरजातय: । सर्वशस्ते महाराज राधेयमभजंस्तदा

Transliteration

viśaḥ śūdrāś ca sūtāś ca ye ca saṅkarajātayaḥ | sarvaśas te mahārāja rādheyam abhajaṃs tadā ||

Translation

সঞ্জয়ে ক’লে—মহাৰাজ, বৈশ্য, শূদ্ৰ, সূত আৰু সংকরজাতিৰ লোকসকল—সকলো সেই সময়ত সকলো দিশে ৰাধেয় কৰ্ণৰ পক্ষত হ’ল।

Word by Word

• वैश्याः: Vaiśyas
• वैश्याः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: वैश्य
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• शूद्राः: Śūdras
• शूद्राः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: शूद्र
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• सूताः: Sūtas (charioteer-class people)
• सूताः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: सूत
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• ये: who
• ये: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• संकरजातयः: mixed castes/communities
• संकरजातयः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: संकरजाति
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Plural

• सर्वशः: in every way; wholly
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सर्वशः

• ते: they
• ते: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• महाराज: O great king
• Type: Noun
• Root: महाराज
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• राधेयम्: Rādheya (Karna)
• राधेयम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: राधेय
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• अभजन्: they resorted to / chose / took to
• Type: Verb
• Root: भज्
• Form: Imperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada

• तदा: then
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra
• Rādheya (Karna)
• Vaiśyas
• Śūdras
• Sūtas
• Saṅkarajātayaḥ (mixed lineages)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how social groups may rally behind a leader in wartime based on perceived protection, generosity, or power, showing that allegiance can be shaped by practical and ethical pressures rather than by idealized social norms.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports to King Dhṛtarāṣṭra that various communities—Vaiśyas, Śūdras, Sūtas, and mixed-lineage groups—were, at that moment in the war’s unfolding, siding with Karna (Rādheya).