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Shloka 236

कर्णपर्व — अध्याय ४०

Karṇa’s Pressure on the Pāñcālas; Duryodhana Disabled; Arjuna’s Counter-Advance

कथं त्वं पतिता काक सहास्माभिन्रवीहि तत्‌ । ओ खोटी बुद्धिवाले काग! तू कौआ होकर लंबी उड़ान भरनेवाले और अपने अंगोंमें चक्रका चिह्न धारण करनेवाले एक बलवान्‌ हंसको अपने साथ उड़नेके लिये कैसे ललकार रहा है? काग! बता तो सही, तू हमारे साथ किस प्रकार उड़ेगा?

kathaṁ tvaṁ patitā kāka sahāsmābhir bravīhi tat | o khoṭī buddhivāle kāga! tvaṁ kāko bhūtvā lambī uḍāna bharanevāle aura apane aṅgoṁ meṁ cakra-kā cihna dhāraṇa karanevāle eka balavān haṁsako apane sātha uḍane ke liye kaise lalkāra rahā hai? kāga! batā to sahī, tvaṁ hamāre sātha kis prakāra uḍegā? |

সঞ্জয়ে ক’লে—“কাক, তই আমাৰ সৈতে কেনেকৈ উৰিবি? সেয়া ক’চোন। হে খোট-বুদ্ধিৰ কাক! কাক হৈয়ো দীঘল উৰণক্ষম বলৱান, অঙ্গত চক্ৰচিহ্ন ধাৰণ কৰা হংসক তই নিজৰ সৈতে উৰিবলৈ কেনেকৈ ললকাৰ দিছ? কাক! স্পষ্টকৈ ক’—তই আমাৰ সৈতে কেনেকৈ উৰিবি?”

कथम्how?
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Nominative, Singular
पतितःfallen / low (wretched)
पतितः:
TypeAdjective
Rootपतित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
काकO crow
काक:
TypeNoun
Rootकाक
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
सहtogether with
सह:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसह
अस्माभिःwith us / by us
अस्माभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Instrumental, Plural
ब्रवीहिtell (speak)
ब्रवीहि:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
FormImperative, 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada
तत्that (matter)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sanjaya
C
crow (kāka)
S
swan (haṁsa)
D
discus-mark (cakra-cihna)

Educational Q&A

The verse uses the crow–swan contrast to criticize arrogance and overreaching: one should know one’s true capacity and not challenge the truly capable out of vanity. It warns against pretension and empty bravado, especially in a martial context where such pride leads to ruin.

Sanjaya reports a cutting taunt framed as a metaphor: a ‘fallen crow’ is mocked for daring to challenge a powerful ‘swan’ that can soar far and bears a distinguished ‘cakra’ mark. The speaker demands that the crow explain how it could possibly fly in company with such superior beings—i.e., how it could match their prowess.