Shloka 21

Devanagari script

तुषारा यवनाश्नैव शकाश्न सह चूचुपै: । दक्षिणं पक्षमाश्रित्य स्थिता व्यूहस्य भारत

Transliteration

tuṣārā yavanāś caiva śakāś ca saha cūcupaḥ | dakṣiṇaṃ pakṣam āśritya sthitā vyūhasya bhārata ||

Translation

হে ভাৰত! তুষাৰ, যৱন আৰু শক—চূচুপসকলৰ সৈতে—ব্যূহৰ দক্ষিণ (সোঁ) পক্ষ আশ্ৰয় কৰি অৱস্থান কৰিলে।

Word by Word

• तुषाराः: the Tusharas
• तुषाराः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: तुषार
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• यवनाः: the Yavanas (Greeks/Ionians)
• यवनाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: यवन
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• एव: indeed/just
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• शकाः: the Shakas (Scythians)
• शकाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: शक
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• सह: together with
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सह

• चूचुपैः: with the Chuchupas (a tribe/people)
• चूचुपैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: चूचुप
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• दक्षिणम्: the right (southern) (side)
• दक्षिणम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दक्षिण
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• पक्षम्: wing/flank/side
• पक्षम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पक्ष
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• आश्रित्य: having taken refuge in / having occupied
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-श्रि
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral for gerund)

• स्थिताः: stood/posted
• स्थिताः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्था
• Form: क्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• व्यूहस्य: of the battle-array/formation
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्यूह
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• भारत: O Bharata
• Type: Noun
• Root: भारत
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Bhārata (Dhṛtarāṣṭra as addressee)
• Tuṣāras
• Yavanas
• Śakas
• Cūcupas
• vyūha (battle formation)
• dakṣiṇa-pakṣa (right wing)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse primarily conveys strategic narration: it highlights the organized placement of various allied peoples on the right wing of the battle-array, illustrating the breadth of forces gathered for the war and the importance of disciplined formation.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that the Tuṣāras, Yavanas, Śakas, and Cūcupas have been stationed on the right flank of the army’s formation, indicating how the Kaurava host is being arranged for battle.