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Shloka 39

भीष्मपर्व — अध्याय 54: फल्गुन-प्रतिरोधः, सौबली-व्यूह-विध्वंसः, दुर्योधन-भीष्म-संवादः

समुदते पार्थिवेन्द्रे पार्षते शत्रुसूदने । तमब्रवीत्‌ ततः पार्थ: पार्षत॑ पृततापतिम्‌,यह सुनकर युद्धके लिये उन्मत्त रहनेवाले महान्‌ धनुर्धर पाण्डवोंने उच्चस्वरमें सिंहनाद किया तथा शत्रुसूदन नृपश्रेष्ठ द्रुपदपुत्र धृष्टद्युम्नके इस प्रकार युद्धके लिये उद्यत होनेपर कुन्तीकुमार युधिष्ठिरने सेनापति ट्रुपदकुमारसे पुन: इस प्रकार कहा--

saṃudate pārthivendre pārṣate śatrusūdane | tam abravīt tataḥ pārthaḥ pārṣataṃ pṛtatāpatim ||

সঞ্জয়ে ক’লে—শত্রুসূদন পাৰ্ষত ধৃষ্টদ্যুম্ন যুদ্ধলৈ উদ্যত হোৱাত, তেতিয়া পাৰ্থ যুধিষ্ঠিৰে সেই ৰণতাপী দ্ৰুপদপুত্ৰক পুনৰ ক’লে।

समुदतेwhen (he) was roaring / in the roar
समुदते:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसमुदत् (सम्+उद्+√द्/√दन्)
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
पार्थिवेन्द्रेin/when the king of kings (was ...)
पार्थिवेन्द्रे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थिवेन्द्र (पार्थिव + इन्द्र)
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
पार्षतेin/when the son of Prishata (Dhrishtadyumna)
पार्षते:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपार्षत
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
शत्रुसूदनेin/when the slayer of foes
शत्रुसूदने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootशत्रुसूदन (शत्रु + सूदन)
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अब्रवीत्said/spoke
अब्रवीत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Root√ब्रू
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
ततःthen/thereupon
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (तद्-तसिल्)
पार्थःthe son of Pritha (Arjuna)
पार्थः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पार्षतम्the son of Prishata (Dhrishtadyumna)
पार्षतम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपार्षत
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पृततापतिम्the lord/leader of the army (commander)
पृततापतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपृततापति (पृत + तापति)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
P
Pārtha (Yudhiṣṭhira, son of Kuntī)
P
Pārṣata (Dhṛṣṭadyumna, son of Drupada)
D
Drupada (implied by patronymic)

Educational Q&A

Even in war, righteous leadership requires deliberate speech and accountability. The verse frames command not as mere aggression but as ethically guided direction—Yudhiṣṭhira’s renewed address to the commander highlights restraint, clarity of purpose, and responsibility for how battle is conducted.

Sañjaya narrates that after the kingly Pārtha and the Pārṣata (Dhṛṣṭadyumna) are poised for battle, Yudhiṣṭhira speaks again to Dhṛṣṭadyumna, the Pāṇḍava commander, indicating further instructions or counsel before action proceeds.