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Shloka 11

Adhyāya 41 — Yudhiṣṭhira’s Gurv-anumati and Strategic Counsel (युधिष्ठिरस्य गुर्वनुमतिः)

सम्बन्ध-- इस प्रकार अन्य दो गुणोंको दबाकर प्रत्येक गुणके बढ़नेकी बात कही गयी। अब प्रत्येक गुणकी वृद्धिके लक्षण जाननेकी इच्छा होनेपर क्रमशः सत्त्गगुण, रजोगुण और तमोगुणकी वृद्धिके लक्षण बतलाये जाते हैं-- सर्दद्वारेषु देहेडस्मिन्‌ प्रकाश उपजायते । ज्ञानं यदा तदा विद्याद्‌ विवृद्धं सत्त्वमित्युत,जिस समय इस देहमें: तथा अन्तःकरण और इन्द्रियोंमें चेतनता और विवेकशक्ति उत्पन्न होती है, उस समय ऐसा जानना चाहिये कि सत्त्वगुण बढ़ा हैः

arjuna uvāca — sarvadvāreṣu dehe 'smin prakāśa upajāyate | jñānaṁ yadā tadā vidyād vivṛddhaṁ sattvam ity uta ||

যেতিয়া এই দেহত—অৰ্থাৎ অন্তঃকৰণ আৰু ইন্দ্ৰিয়ৰ সকলো দুৱাৰত—আলোক উদয় হয় আৰু জ্ঞান প্ৰকাশ পায়, তেতিয়া জানিবা যে সত্ত্বগুণ বৃদ্ধি পাইছে।

सर्वद्वारेषुin all the gates (i.e., sense-organs/avenues)
सर्वद्वारेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसर्वद्वार
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
देहेin the body
देहे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootदेह
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
अस्मिन्in this
अस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
प्रकाशःillumination, clarity
प्रकाशः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रकाश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उपजायतेarises, is produced
उपजायते:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-√जन्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
ज्ञानम्knowledge, discernment
ज्ञानम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootज्ञान
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
यदाwhen
यदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा
तदाthen
तदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
विद्यात्one should know
विद्यात्:
TypeVerb
Root√विद्
FormOptative, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
विवृद्धम्increased, grown
विवृद्धम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootवि-√वृध्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
सत्त्वम्sattva (the quality of goodness/clarity)
सत्त्वम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसत्त्व
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
उतindeed/and (emphatic particle)
उत:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउत

अजुन उवाच

A
Arjuna

Educational Q&A

The growth of sattva is recognized by inner illumination: clarity in the mind, heightened discernment, and a steady capacity for knowledge through the senses and faculties. This clarity supports ethical action by making right judgment and self-restraint easier.

Arjuna is asking about the observable signs of the three guṇas. In response, the text begins by describing how to identify an increase of sattva: when ‘light’ and knowledge arise throughout one’s embodied faculties.