Arthashastra — Adhyakshaprachara, Sutra 37

Devanagari script

सपरिभाण्डे वा रूपे लवणमुल्कया कटुशर्करया तप्तमवतिष्ठते ॥ कZ_०२.१४.३७ ॥

Transliteration

saparibhāṇḍe vā rūpe lavaṇam ulkayā kaṭuśarkarayā taptaṃ avatiṣṭhate

Translation

সংলগ্নতা/ফিটিংসহ ৰূপত, লৱণ—(বা) আল্কা/উল্কা আৰু কটু চিনি—গৰম কৰিলে স্পষ্টভাৱে ৰৈ যায়।

Word by Word

• सपरिभाण्डे: with an accessory vessel / together with its container
• Type: Noun (with indeclinable prefix)
• Root: परिभाण्ड
• Form: स- (सह ‘with’) + परिभाण्ड ‘accessory vessel/utensil’; locative singular neuter used adverbially: ‘with the accessory container/with its vessel’

• वा: or
• Type: Particle
• Root: वा
• Form: disjunctive indeclinable

• रूपे: in/with the form (appearance)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रूप
• Form: locative singular neuter

• लवणम्: salt
• Type: Noun
• Root: लवण
• Form: nominative/accusative singular neuter (here as the item under discussion)

• उल्कया: with a firebrand/ember
• Type: Noun
• Root: उल्का
• Form: instrumental singular feminine

• कटुशर्करया: with pungent/caustic ‘sugar/crystal’ (a testing substance)
• Type: Noun (compound)
• Root: कटुशर्करा
• Form: instrumental singular feminine; कटु + शर्करा ‘pungent/caustic sugar/salt-like crystal’ (a specific substance used in testing)

• तप्तम्: heated
• Type: Participle (past passive)
• Root: तप्
• Form: PPP of √तप् ‘to heat’; nominative/accusative singular neuter agreeing with लवणम्

• अवतिष्ठते: remains/stands (in that state)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अव√स्था
• Form: present indicative, ātmanepada, 3rd person singular; ‘remains/settles/stands’

Entities Mentioned

• salt
• ulkā/alkali-like additive
• kaṭuśarkarā (pungent sugar)
• composite fittings

More Details

FAQs

Why mention objects ‘with fittings/attachments’?

Because adulterants can be hidden in joints, inserts, or accessory compartments; the state’s inspection must cover composite construction.