Shloka 25

सप्तद्वीप-समुद्र-प्रमाणम्: प्लक्षादि-द्वीपवर्णनं, लोकालोक-सीमा, चन्द्र-समुद्र-वृद्धिक्षयः

Devanagari script

तत्रापि पर्वताः सप्त विज्ञेया रत्नयोनयः वर्षाभिव्यञ्जकास् ते तु तथा सप्तैव निम्नगाः

Transliteration

tatrāpi parvatāḥ sapta vijñeyā ratnayonayaḥ varṣābhivyañjakās te tu tathā saptaiva nimnagāḥ

Translation

وهناك أيضًا تُعرَف سبعة جبال، هي مناجم للجواهر، وبها تتميّز الأقاليم (الڤرشات)؛ وكذلك توجد سبعة أنهار تمامًا تجري في المنخفضات.

Word by Word

• तत्र: there
• तत्र: Desha-adhikarana (Locative sense/अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; देशवाचक (there)

• अपि: also
• अपि: Sambandha (Particle/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय/अपि-कार (also/even)

• पर्वताः: mountains
• पर्वताः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पर्वत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• सप्त: seven
• सप्त: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सप्त (संख्या/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: संख्याविशेषण (numeral used adjectivally)

• विज्ञेयाः: are to be known
• विज्ञेयाः: Kriya (Predicate/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि-√ज्ञा (धातु) + तव्य (कृदन्त)
• Form: तव्यत्-कृदन्त (gerundive/‘to be known’); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; विधेय (predicative)

• रत्नयोनयः: sources of gems
• रत्नयोनयः: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रत्न + योनि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (ratnānāṃ yonayaḥ) विशेषणम्

• वर्षाभिव्यञ्जकाः: indicators/markers of the varṣas
• वर्षाभिव्यञ्जकाः: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वर्ष + अभिव्यञ्जक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; तत्पुरुषः (varṣāṇām abhivyañjakāḥ) विशेषणम्

• ते: they/those
• ते: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; सर्वनाम

• तु: indeed
• तु: Sambandha (Particle/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अवधान/विरोध (indeed/but)

• तथा: likewise
• तथा: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय (likewise)

• सप्त: seven
• सप्त: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सप्त (संख्या/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: संख्याविशेषण

• एव: exactly/indeed
• एव: Sambandha (Emphasis/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अवधारण (just/indeed)

• निम्नगाः: rivers
• निम्नगाः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: निम्नगा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; नदीवाचक (river)

Speaker

Sage Parāśara (teaching Maitreya)

Characters & Entities

• Sage Parāśara
• Maitreya
• Varṣas (cosmic regions)
• Parvatas (mountain ranges)
• Nimnagās (rivers)

FAQs

What is the significance of the seven mountains and seven rivers in the Vishnu Purana?

They function as cosmic markers that define and differentiate the varṣas (regions), expressing an ordered world-structure rather than a random geography.

How does Sage Parāśara explain the organization of regions (varṣas) in this chapter?

Parāśara describes a systematic layout in which specific mountain ranges and river systems serve as identifiers and boundaries, presenting the world as a coherent, classifiable whole.

What is the theological importance of Lord Vishnu in this geographic-cosmological context?

Even when the verse speaks of mountains and rivers, the Purāṇa frames such order as grounded in Vishnu’s sovereignty—cosmic structure reflecting the Supreme Reality that sustains and regulates the universe.