The Structure of Jambudvipa: Nine Varshas, Navadvipa Bharata, Mountains, Rivers, and Peoples
अङ्गा वङ्गा मुद्गरवास्त्वन्तर्गिरिबहिर्गिराः तथा प्रवङ्गा वाङ्गेया मांसादा बलदन्तिकाः
aṅgā vaṅgā mudgaravāstvantargiribahirgirāḥ tathā pravaṅgā vāṅgeyā māṃsādā baladantikāḥ
والأنغا والڤنغا والمُدغراڤا؛ وسكان الجبال الداخلية والجبال الخارجية؛ وكذلك البرڤنغا والڤانگيَة والمانسادة والبلدنتيكة.
{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "adbhuta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }
The verse reinforces inclusivity of the Purāṇic world-map: plains, riverine kingdoms, and hill peoples are all accounted for within a single civilizational memory, often relevant for tīrtha circuits and political geography.
Cosmographical/topographical description (commonly aligned with sarga-type descriptive material), serving as a supporting layer to the Purāṇa’s broader narrative aims.
The inner/outer mountain distinction encodes a graded spatial imagination—center and periphery—typical of Purāṇic ethnography, mapping cultural distance without necessarily making a theological claim in this passage.