Vamana Purana — Structure of Jambudvipa, Shloka 14

The Structure of Jambudvipa: Nine Varshas, Navadvipa Bharata, Mountains, Rivers, and Peoples

Devanagari script

तेषां संव्यवहारश्च एभिः कर्मभिरिष्यते स्वर्गापवर्गप्राप्तिश्च पुण्यं पापं तथैव च / 13.13 महेन्द्रो मलयः सह्यः शुक्तिमान् ऋक्षपर्वतः विन्ध्यश्च पारियात्रश्च सप्तात्र कुलपर्वताः

Transliteration

teṣāṃ saṃvyavahāraśca ebhiḥ karmabhiriṣyate svargāpavargaprāptiśca puṇyaṃ pāpaṃ tathaiva ca / 13.13 mahendro malayaḥ sahyaḥ śuktimān ṛkṣaparvataḥ vindhyaśca pāriyātraśca saptātra kulaparvatāḥ

Translation

وتُجرى معاملاتهم وشؤونهم الاجتماعية بهذه الواجبات عينها؛ ومنها تنشأ نيلُ السماء ونيلُ التحرر، وكذلك الثواب والإثم.

Word by Word

• teṣām: of them
• teṣām: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, षष्ठी, बहुवचनम्; सर्वनाम

• saṃ-vyavahāraḥ: social dealings/transactions
• saṃ-vyavahāraḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: saṃ + vyavahāra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय (conjunction)

• ebhiḥ: by these
• ebhiḥ: Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे/नपुंसकलिङ्गे, तृतीया, बहुवचनम्; सर्वनाम

• karmabhiḥ: by actions
• karmabhiḥ: Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: karman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गः, तृतीया, बहुवचनम्

• iṣyate: is approved/considered proper
• iṣyate: Kriyā (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √iṣ (इष् धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुषः (3rd person), एकवचनम्; आत्मनेपदम्, कर्मणि-प्रयोगः (passive): 'is accepted/approved'

• svarga-apavarga-prāptiḥ: attainment of heaven and liberation
• svarga-apavarga-prāptiḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: svarga (प्रातिपदिक) + apavarga (प्रातिपदिक) + prāpti (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष-श्रृङ्खला: 'स्वर्गस्य अपवर्गस्य च प्राप्तिः' (attainment of heaven and liberation)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय (conjunction)

• puṇyam: merit/virtue
• puṇyam: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: puṇya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गः, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom/Acc), एकवचनम्

• pāpam: sin/demerit
• pāpam: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pāpa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गः, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचनम्

• tathā: thus/so
• tathā: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (adverb) = thus/so

• eva: indeed/just
• eva: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अवधारण (emphatic particle)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय (conjunction)

• mahendraḥ: Mahendra (mountain)
• mahendraḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mahendra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्; पर्वतनाम (proper noun)

• malayaḥ: Malaya (mountain)
• malayaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: malaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्; पर्वतनाम

• sahyaḥ: Sahya (mountain range)
• sahyaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sahya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्; पर्वतनाम

• śuktimān: Śuktimān (mountain)
• śuktimān: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śuktimat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्; पर्वतनाम

• ṛkṣa-parvataḥ: Ṛkṣa mountain
• ṛkṣa-parvataḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ṛkṣa (प्रातिपदिक) + parvata (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः: 'ऋक्षाणां पर्वतः' / नामधारय (proper name)

• vindhyaḥ: Vindhya (mountain)
• vindhyaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vindhya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्; पर्वतनाम

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय

• pāriyātraḥ: Pāriyātra (mountain)
• pāriyātraḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pāriyātra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्; पर्वतनाम

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय

• sapta: seven
• sapta: Saṅkhyā (संख्या/Numeral qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sapta (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययवत् संख्याशब्दः; (indeclinable numeral used adjectivally)

• atra: here
• atra: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: atra (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; देशवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (adverb of place)

• kula-parvatāḥ: principal mountains
• kula-parvatāḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kula (प्रातिपदिक) + parvata (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, बहुवचनम्; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः: 'कुलानां पर्वताः' / 'chief mountains'

Speakers

• Not explicit in provided excerpt (commonly Pulastya → Nārada frame in this Purāṇa)

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Svadharma
• Svarga
• Apavarga (mokṣa)
• Puṇya-pāpa causality

Verse Rasa (Emotional Flavour)

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "adbhuta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Ethically, the verse links everyday social conduct to spiritual outcomes: actions are not value-neutral; they generate puṇya/pāpa and shape both worldly and transcendent destinies.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana?

This is normative instruction (dharma-anuśāsana) rather than cosmogenesis or dynastic history; it is ancillary purāṇic teaching used to ground later narratives/geography in a moral framework.

What is the symbolic significance?

By pairing svarga with apavarga, the text compresses the full spectrum of human aims into karma: duties can be oriented toward enjoyment/reward (heaven) or toward release (liberation), depending on intention and purity.