Shloka 22

पापभेदवर्णनम्

Classification of Sins / Taxonomy of Pāpa

Devanagari script

गोष्ठाग्निजलरथ्यासु तरुच्छाया नगेषु च । त्यजंति ये पुरीषाद्यानारामायतनेषु च

Transliteration

goṣṭhāgnijalarathyāsu tarucchāyā nageṣu ca | tyajaṃti ye purīṣādyānārāmāyataneṣu ca

Translation

مَن يمتنع—سواء في حظائر الماشية، أو قرب النار، أو في الماء، أو على الطرق العامة، أو تحت ظلّ الأشجار، أو على الجبال—عن أفعالٍ كقضاء الحاجة وما شابهها؛ وكذلك يمتنع عنها في البساتين وفي الحُرُمات والمقامات المقدّسة—فهو معدودٌ من أهل الطهارة وضبط النفس، اللائقين بسالك طريق شيفا.

Word by Word

• goṣṭha-agni-jala-rathyāsu: in cow-sheds, fires, waters, and streets
• goṣṭha-agni-jala-rathyāsu: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: goṣṭha (प्रातिपदिक) + agni (प्रातिपदिक) + jala (प्रातिपदिक) + rathyā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), बहुवचन; समाहार-द्वन्द्वसमासः, अधिकरण (locative)

• taru-chāyāḥ: tree-shades
• taru-chāyāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: taru (प्रातिपदिक) + chāyā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), बहुवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (तरूणां छाया)

• nageṣu: on mountains
• nageṣu: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: naga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), बहुवचन; अधिकरण

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• tyajanti: they abandon/avoid
• tyajanti: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: tyaj (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन

• ye: who (those who)
• ye: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), बहुवचन; सम्बन्ध-प्रत्यय (relative pronoun)

• purīṣa-ādīn: excrement and the like
• purīṣa-ādīn: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: purīṣa (प्रातिपदिक) + ādi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), बहुवचन; अव्ययीभाव/तत्पुरुष-प्रायः ‘आदि’समासः (purīṣa etc.)

• an-ārāma-āyataneṣu: in places that are not pleasant gardens (unfit abodes)
• an-ārāma-āyataneṣu: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: an (नञ्) + ārāma (प्रातिपदिक) + āyatana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), बहुवचन; नञ्-तत्पुरुषः (non-garden places/unsuitable abodes)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

Speaker

Suta Goswami

Shaiva Theology

Tattva Level: pashu

Shiva Form: Mahādeva

Jyotirlinga Context

Significance: Establishes śauca and maryādā in sacred/public spaces; such restraint supports eligibility for temple worship and enhances tīrtha-phala by reducing pāśa through disciplined conduct.

Shakti Dimension

Role: nurturing

Characters & Entities

• Shiva

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in the Shiva Purana?

It teaches śauca (purity) and self-restraint: a devotee avoids polluting places where life, worship, and sacred presence are honored, thereby reducing tamas and cultivating fitness for Śiva-bhakti.

How does this verse relate to the worship of the Linga or Saguna Shiva?

Linga-worship emphasizes sanctity of the shrine and its surroundings; maintaining external cleanliness mirrors inner reverence, supporting focused devotion to Saguna Śiva in the temple space.

What ritualistic or meditative practice is suggested here?

A practical takeaway is disciplined bodily conduct (śauca) before worship—keeping sacred spaces clean, then approaching Śiva with mantra-japa (e.g., Pañcākṣarī) and a steady, respectful mind.