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Shloka 11

Pitṛbhakti and Śrāddha: The Classification of Pitṛs and the Superiority of Pitṛ-kārya

वाग्दुष्टः क्रोधनो हिंस्रः पिशुनः कविरेव च । स्वसृषः पितृवर्ती च नामभिः कर्मभिस्तथा

vāgduṣṭaḥ krodhano hiṃsraḥ piśunaḥ kavireva ca | svasṛṣaḥ pitṛvartī ca nāmabhiḥ karmabhistathā

«(مثل هذا الشخص) فاحشُ القول، سريعُ الغضب، عنيفٌ مؤذٍ، نمّامٌ مُفسِد، وهو أيضًا مخادع؛ وكذلك من يتعلّق بأخته، ومن يسير على نهج أبيه—فكلّ هؤلاء يُعرَفون بتلك الأسماء وبتلك الأفعال.»

वाक्-दुष्टःfoul-spoken
वाक्-दुष्टः:
Kartṛ-samānādhikaraṇa (कर्तृसमानाधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootवाक् (प्रातिपदिक) + दुष्ट (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: ‘speech-bad’ = ‘foul-mouthed’
क्रोधनःwrathful
क्रोधनः:
Kartṛ-samānādhikaraṇa (कर्तृसमानाधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootक्रोधन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; गुणवाचक
हिंस्रःviolent
हिंस्रः:
Kartṛ-samānādhikaraṇa (कर्तृसमानाधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootहिंस्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
पिशुनःslandering/malicious
पिशुनः:
Kartṛ-samānādhikaraṇa (कर्तृसमानाधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootपिशुन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
कविःpoet
कविः:
Kartṛ-samānādhikaraṇa (कर्तृसमानाधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootकवि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
एवindeed/just
एव:
Nipāta (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, अवधारणार्थक निपात (emphatic particle: just/indeed)
and
:
Nipāta (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, समुच्चयार्थक (conjunction)
स्वसॄषःof (his) sister
स्वसॄषः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootस्वसृ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/genitive), एकवचन; ‘of (his) sister’
पितृ-वर्तीobedient to his father
पितृ-वर्ती:
Kartṛ-samānādhikaraṇa (कर्तृसमानाधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootपितृ (प्रातिपदिक) + वर्ती (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: ‘one who follows the father’
and
:
Nipāta (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, समुच्चयार्थक (conjunction)
नामभिःby names
नामभिः:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootनामन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/instrumental), बहुवचन
कर्मभिःby deeds/actions
कर्मभिः:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/instrumental), बहुवचन
तथाthus/likewise
तथा:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, प्रकारवाचक/समुच्चयार्थक (adverb: thus/likewise)

Suta Goswami

Tattva Level: pasha

Shiva Form: Bhairava

Significance: Catalogues behavioral ‘pāśa’—speech, anger, violence, slander, deceit, and taboo conduct—as binding forces that obscure jñāna; motivates ethical purification as a prerequisite for Śiva-bhakti and grace.

Shakti Form: Durgā

Role: destructive

S
Shiva

FAQs

It lists behavioral marks of inner impurity—speech-vice, anger, violence, and deceit—which, in Shaiva Siddhanta terms, strengthen pāśa (bondage) and obstruct steady Shiva-bhakti and liberation.

Linga-worship is not only external ritual but inner purification; this verse implies that devotion to Saguna Shiva bears fruit when the devotee restrains harmful speech and conduct, aligning karma with dharma.

Adopt restraint of speech and anger as a vrata, and support it with daily japa of the Panchakshara (Om Namaḥ Śivāya) and simple Shiva-upāsanā (e.g., offering water to the Linga) to purify tendencies.