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Shloka 9

Arjuna–Gaṇa Saṃvāda: Bāṇādhikāra, Tāpasa-veṣa, and the Ethics of Tapas (अर्जुन-गणसंवादः)

तापस श्रूयतां रे त्वं न तपः क्रियते त्वया । वेषतश्च तपस्वी त्वं न यथार्थं छलायते

tāpasa śrūyatāṃ re tvaṃ na tapaḥ kriyate tvayā | veṣataśca tapasvī tvaṃ na yathārthaṃ chalāyate

أيها الناسك، اسمع! إنك لا تؤدي التَّبَس (الزهد والرياضة) حقًّا. أنت ناسكٌ في اللباس ظاهرًا، أمّا في الحقيقة فأنت منغمسٌ في الخداع، لا في التقشّف الصادق.

tāpasaO ascetic
tāpasa:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/address)
TypeNoun
Roottāpasa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन
śrūyatāmlet (it) be heard
śrūyatām:
Kriya (क्रिया/imperative)
TypeVerb
Root√śru (श्रु धातु)
Formलोट्-लकार (Imperative), कर्मणि-प्रयोग (Passive), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; ‘let it be heard’
rehey!
re:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootre (अव्यय)
Formसम्बोधन-निपात (vocative particle)
tvamyou
tvam:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Roottvad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, प्रथमा, एकवचन
nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक-अव्यय
tapaḥausterity
tapaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/subject of passive)
TypeNoun
Roottapas (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
kriyateis done
kriyate:
Kriya (क्रिया/predicate)
TypeVerb
Root√kṛ (कृ धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), कर्मणि-प्रयोग (Passive), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
tvayāby you
tvayā:
Karana (करण/instrument/agent in passive)
TypeNoun
Roottvad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, तृतीया (Instrumental, 3rd), एकवचन
veṣataḥfrom/owing to (mere) dress
veṣataḥ:
Hetu (हेतु/cause)
TypeNoun
Rootveṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (Ablative, 5th), एकवचन; हेतौ (in sense of cause/‘because of’)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय
tapasvīan ascetic
tapasvī:
Karta (कर्ता/predicative)
TypeNoun
Roottapasvin (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; नाम/विशेष्य (predicate noun)
tvamyou
tvam:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Roottvad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, प्रथमा, एकवचन
nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक-अव्यय
yathārthamtruly/according to reality
yathārtham:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyathārtha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्ययीभाववत् क्रियाविशेषण-रूपेण (adverbial accusative), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; क्रियाविशेषण (adverb)
chalāyatedeceives/acts deceitfully
chalāyate:
Kriya (क्रिया/predicate)
TypeVerb
Root√chal (चल् धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; causative sense possible in usage ‘to deceive/act falsely’

A righteous narrator/authority figure within the chapter (contextual speaker admonishing a false ascetic; framed through Suta Goswami’s narration in the Shatarudrasaṃhitā)

Tattva Level: pashu

Shiva Form: Dakṣiṇāmūrti

Role: teaching

S
Shiva

FAQs

It warns that spiritual life is measured by inner purity and sincere tapas, not by external marks; hypocrisy becomes a bondage (pāśa) that blocks Shiva-realization (Pati-jñāna) in a Shaiva Siddhanta sense.

Linga-worship and Saguna Shiva devotion require bhāva (true intent). The verse critiques mere costume-devotion and implies that ritual and symbols become fruitful only when offered with authentic surrender and disciplined conduct.

Practice honest tapas: daily japa of the Panchakshara (Om Namaḥ Śivāya), self-restraint, and truthful conduct; external aids like bhasma/tripuṇḍra or rudrākṣa should support inner devotion, not replace it.