Home›Samaveda›Pūrvārcika›Prapathaka 6›Dashati 5›Mantra 1
←Previous Mantra
Next Mantra→

Mantra 1

Aindra victory and wealth secured through Soma’s purifying flow and Indra-invocation

Rishi: Unspecified (Indra hymn context)
Devata: Indra (primary); Soma (instrumental/oblation)
Chandas: Unspecified
Devanagari Script

प्र सेनानीः शूरो अग्रे रथानां गव्यन्नेति हर्षते अस्य सेना भद्रान्कृण्वन्निन्द्रहवान्त्सखिभ्य आ सोमो वस्त्रा रभसानि दत्ते

Samhita Patha

pra senānīḥ śūro agre rathānāṃ gavyanneti harṣate asya senā bhadrānkṛṇvannindrahavāntsakhibhya ā somo vastrā rabhasāni datte

Transliteration

prá1 senānī́ḥ2 śū́ro1 ágre2 rathā́nām2 gavyán1 éti2 hárṣate2 asyá2 sénā1 bhadrā́n2 kṛṇván2 índrahavān2 sákhibhyaḥ2 ā́1 sómaḥ1 vástrā2 rabhásāni2 dátte2

Translation

يتقدّمُ قائدُ الجموع، البطلُ، أمامَ المركبات، طالبًا الماشية؛ فتَهتَزُّ جموعُه فرحًا. مُجْرِيًا اليُمنَ، داعيًا إندرا، يمنحُ سوما لأصدقائه عطايا سريعة—بل ثيابًا.

Pada Patha (Word Analysis)

pra | senānīḥ | śūraḥ | agre | rathānām | gavyan | eti | harṣate | asya | senā | bhadrān | kṛṇvan | indra-havān | sakhibhyaḥ | ā | somaḥ | vastrā | rabhasāni | datte

Word by Word
प्रforth, forward
प्र:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्र (उपसर्ग) / प्र (अव्यय)
सेनानीःthe army-leader, commander
सेनानीः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootसेनानी (प्रातिपदिक)
शूरःthe hero, valiant one
शूरः:
Kartā (सेनानीः इत्यस्य विशेषणम्)
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootशूर (प्रातिपदिक)
अग्रेin front, at the fore
अग्रे:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeIndeclinable (adverbial use)
Rootअग्र (प्रातिपदिक)
रथानाम्of the chariots
रथानाम्:
Sambandha (अग्रे इत्यस्य)
TypeNoun
Rootरथ (प्रातिपदिक)
गव्यन्seeking cattle, desiring cows
गव्यन्:
Kartā (सेनानीः इत्यस्य विशेषणम्)
TypeParticiple/Adjective
Rootगव्य (प्रातिपदिक) + शतृ (वर्तमान कृदन्त)
एतिgoes, advances
एति:
—
TypeVerb
Rootइ (धातु)
हर्षतेrejoices, exults
हर्षते:
—
TypeVerb
Rootहृष् (धातु)
अस्यof him, his
अस्य:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
सेनाthe army
सेना:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootसेना (प्रातिपदिक)
भद्रान्auspicious (things), good (fortunes)
भद्रान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootभद्र (प्रातिपदिक)
कृण्वन्making, doing
कृण्वन्:
Kartā (इन्द्रः इत्यस्य विशेषणम्)
TypeParticiple
Rootकृ (धातु) + शतृ (वर्तमान कृदन्त)
इन्द्रःIndra
इन्द्रः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
हवान्invoked, possessing invocation (called upon)
हवान्:
Kartā (इन्द्रः इत्यस्य विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootहव (प्रातिपदिक) / √हू (धातु) से सम्बन्धित ‘हव’ (आह्वान) + मतुप्
सखिभ्यःto/for the friends
सखिभ्यः:
Sampradāna
TypeNoun
Rootसखि (प्रातिपदिक)
आtowards, unto
आ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
सोमःSoma
सोमः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootसोम (प्रातिपदिक)
वस्त्राणिgarments, cloths
वस्त्राणि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवस्त्र (प्रातिपदिक)
रभसानिimpetuous/strong (i.e., vigorous, splendid)
रभसानि:
Karma (विशेषण-रूपेण)
TypeAdjective
Rootरभस (प्रातिपदिक)
दत्तेgives, bestows
दत्ते:
—
TypeVerb
Rootदा (धातु)
Sāman Melody Name

Aindra-sāman (generic)

Vocal Structure

{ "prastava": "o/hā… setting a forward-driving opening", "udgitha": "pra senānīḥ śūro agre rathānāṃ… (main procession line)", "pratihara": "ho… (short response after a hinge like ‘harṣate’)", "upadrava": "…bhadrānkṛṇvannindrahavāntsakhibhyaḥ… (auspicious + invocation segment)", "nidhana": "ā somo vastrā rabhasāni datte (closing: Soma’s gifting)", "structure_notes": "The natural climax is the dakṣiṇā/gift line; making it nidhana gives a satisfying ‘reward’ closure.", "singer_assignments": "Prastotṛ initiates; Udgātṛ carries the heroic udgītha; Pratihartṛ punctuates; all unite on the gift-cadence." }

Sāyaṇa Commentary

{ "gloss_summary": "Martial/leadership imagery is aligned with Indra’s victory-bestowing function; the host rejoices as auspiciousness is made through Indra-invocation; Soma gives ‘vastrā’ as swift gifts to friends—understood as dakṣiṇā/result of successful rite.", "ritual_interpretation": "Interprets ‘vastrā’ as cloth offered/received as sacrificial fee; victory/cattle-seeking as yajña-phala under Indra’s grace.", "theological_insight": "Indra’s favor, awakened by Soma and praise, manifests as prosperity and auspicious ordering; sacrificial success culminates in rightful distribution.", "etymology_highlights": "senānī—leader; gavyan—seeking cattle/wealth; bhadra—auspicious; vastra—cloth/dakṣiṇā." }

Ritual Application
Academic Analysis
Symbolic Meaning
Musical Layer
Rigveda Source
Soma Ritual Context
Rishi Connection
Devata Aspects
Chandas Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
Sandhi Notes
←Previous Mantra
Next Mantra→