Sama Veda — Pūrvārcika, Mantra 3
Aindra stotra of invitation and praise: summoning Indra to the Soma with assurance of his inexhaustible giving
आ त्वा3द्य सबर्दुघां हुवे गायत्रवेपसम् इन्द्रं धेनुं सुदुघामन्यामिषमुरुधारामरङ्कृतम्
ā tvā3dya sabardughāṃ huve gāyatravepasam indraṃ dhenuṃ sudughāmanyāmiṣamurudhārāmaraṅkṛtam
ā tvā3 adya sabardughāṃ huve gāyatravepasam indraṃ dhenuṃ sudughām anyāmiṣam urudhārām araṅkṛtam
أدعوك اليومَ أن تُقبِل، حاملاً غذاءً وافراً، أيها المرتعشُ بنغمِ الغاياترا (Gāyatra)؛ أرى إندرا كَبقرةٍ حسنةِ الإدرار، غزيرةِ الجداول، مُهَيَّأةٍ على وجهٍ قويمٍ لتمنحَ طعاماً مرغوباً.
ā | tvā | adya | sa-bardughām | huve | gāyatra-vepasam | indram | dhenum | su-dughām | anyāmiṣam | uru-dhārām | araṅkṛtam
Gāyatra (generic class indicated by gāyatravepasam; exact Sāman name requires gāna index)
{ "prastava": "Short gāyatra prelude with stobhas to set pulse.", "udgitha": "Carries the core invocation ‘ā tvā adya… gāyatravepasam’.", "pratihara": "Response that often frames the metaphor transition toward ‘indraṃ dhenum…’.", "upadrava": "Elaborates cow imagery ‘sudughām… urudhārām…’.", "nidhana": "Cadence on ‘araṅkṛtam’ with shared closure, often prolonged to suggest ‘well-prepared completion’.", "structure_notes": "Cow/stream metaphors invite legato singing; keep consonants clear but allow vowels to ‘flow’ in upadrava/nidhana.", "singer_assignments": "Canonical fivefold distribution among the udgātṛ group." }
{ "gloss_summary": "‘Gāyatravepasa’ indicates Indra is pleased by/approached through the Gāyatra-stotra. Cow imagery (dhenu, sudughā, urudhārā) is arthavāda praising Indra’s abundant bestowal. ‘Araṅkṛtam’ signals fitness/preparation for giving desired food.", "ritual_interpretation": "Placed in gāyatra-stotra context to draw Indra and secure nourishment/prosperity for the rite and sacrificer.", "theological_insight": "Sound-form (gāyatra) is a legitimate mode of access to the deity; abundance is the natural response to right invocation.", "etymology_highlights": "vepasa from √vip/√vep ‘to tremble/thrill’; dhenu as giver; urudhārā ‘broad-streamed’; araṅkṛta ‘well-arranged/prepared’." }