Shloka 6

Devanagari script

बुद्ध्यता च मया वीर्यं रावणस्य दुरात्मनः।।।।पुत्रस्सन्तर्जितो वाग्भिर्न त्राता मैथिली कथम्।

Transliteration

buddhyatā ca mayā vīryaṃ rāvaṇasya durātmanaḥ |

putraḥ santarjito vāgbhir na trātā maithilī katham ||

Translation

ولما علمتُ بأس رافانا سيّئ النية وبالغ الشر، وبّختُ ابني بكلامٍ قاسٍ: «كيف لم تحمِ الميثِلي؟»

Word by Word

• buddhyatā: by understanding
• buddhyatā: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: buddhyatā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular; abstract noun = "by understanding/through awareness"

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Samuccaya-nipāta (समुच्चय-निपात)

• mayā: by me
• mayā: Karta/Karaṇa (कर्ता/करण) (agent in passive sense)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (अस्मद्) (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun; Instrumental, Singular

• vīryam: valor/power
• vīryam: Karma (कर्म) (object understood with jñātam/avagatam)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vīrya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• rāvaṇasya: of Rāvaṇa
• rāvaṇasya: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāvaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• durātmanaḥ: evil-souled
• durātmanaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: durātman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular; qualifies rāvaṇasya

• putraḥ: son
• putraḥ: Karta (कर्ता) (of implied action: santarjitaḥ)
• Type: Noun
• Root: putra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• santarjitaḥ: rebuked/goaded
• santarjitaḥ: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रिया-विशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam-√tarj (तर्ज्) (धातु)
• Form: Kta-participle; Masculine, Nominative, Singular; passive sense "was rebuked/goaded"

• vāgbhiḥ: with words (harsh speech)
• vāgbhiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vāc (वाच्) (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Instrumental, Plural

• na: not
• na: Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: Pratiṣedha-nipāta (प्रतिषेध-निपात)

• trātā: (was) not protected/saved
• trātā: Kriyā (क्रिया) (predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √trā (त्रा) (धातु)
• Form: Agent noun/participle (तृन्/तारक) used as predicate; Masculine, Nominative, Singular; "protector/saved" (elliptic: na trātā (abhavat))

• maithilī: Maithilī (Sītā)
• maithilī: Karma/Karmanī-bhāva (कर्म/कर्मणि) (patient of protection)
• Type: Noun
• Root: maithilī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular; proper noun (Sītā)

• katham: how?
• katham: Praśna (प्रश्न)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: katham (अव्यय)
• Form: Praśna-avyaya (प्रश्न-अव्यय)

Context

'I goaded my son with harsh words saying, 'Knowing the valour of the evil-minded Ravana, why did you not protect her (Sita)'

Characters & Entities

• Sampāti
• Rāvaṇa
• Maithilī (Sītā)
• Sampāti’s son (unnamed in this verse)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma demands protection of the vulnerable; failure to defend the innocent (here, Sītā) invites moral accountability.

What is the narrative situation?

Sampāti recounts admonishing his son for not safeguarding Sītā despite knowing Rāvaṇa’s dangerous power.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Responsibility in guardianship—measuring one’s duty against the threat and acting decisively to protect.