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Shloka 10

सम्पातिवृत्तान्तः

Sampāti’s Account and the Sage Niśākara

अवतीर्य तु विन्ध्याग्रात्कृच्छ्रेण विषमाच्छनैः।तीक्ष्णदर्भां वसुमतीं दुःखेन पुनरागतः।।4.60.10।।

avatīrya tu vindhyāgrāt kṛcchreṇa viṣamāc chanaiḥ | tīkṣṇadarbhāṃ vasumatīṃ duḥkhena punar āgataḥ || 4.60.10 ||

ثم نزلتُ من قمة فيندھيا الوعرة ببطءٍ وبمشقةٍ عظيمة، وعدتُ مرةً أخرى—في ألمٍ شديد—إلى الأرض المكتظّة بعشب الدربها الحادّ.

avatīryahaving descended
avatīrya:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootava-√tṝ (तॄ धातु)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (क्त्वान्त), indeclinable; 'having descended'
tubut/indeed
tu:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya (अव्यय), particle
vindhyāgrātfrom the Vindhya peak
vindhyāgrāt:
Apādāna (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootvindhya (प्रातिपदिक) + agra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग) (agra), Ablative (5th/पञ्चमी), Singular (एकवचन); 'from the peak of Vindhya'
kṛcchreṇawith great difficulty
kṛcchreṇa:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootkṛcchra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन); adverbial instrumental
viṣamātfrom rough/uneven ground
viṣamāt:
Apādāna (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootviṣama (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Ablative (5th/पञ्चमी), Singular (एकवचन)
śanaiḥslowly
śanaiḥ:
Prakāra (प्रकार/रीति)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootśanaiḥ (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya (अव्यय), adverb (क्रियाविशेषण)
tīkṣṇa-darbhām(land) with sharp darbha grass
tīkṣṇa-darbhām:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roottīkṣṇa (प्रातिपदिक) + darbha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); qualifies vasumatīm
vasumatīmthe earth/land
vasumatīm:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootvasumatī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
duḥkhenawith hardship
duḥkhena:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootduḥkha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन); adverbial instrumental
punaḥagain
punaḥ:
Kāla/Prakāra (काल/प्रकार)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootpunaḥ (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya (अव्यय), adverb
āgataḥreturned/came
āgataḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootā-√gam (गम् धातु)
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); predicative

'I descended down slowly from the high rugged peak of the Vindhya mountain with great difficulty to the plain land bristling with sharp, harsh darbha grass.

S
Sampati
V
Vindhya mountain
E
Earth/land (vasumati)
D
Darbha grass

FAQs

Dharma includes perseverance in adversity and truthful narration: Sampāti’s account models endurance and honest reporting, enabling others to act wisely.

Sampāti describes his arduous descent from Vindhya and return to the ground, as part of explaining his condition and past events.

Resilience—continuing to live and act despite hardship, and speaking plainly about suffering.