Shloka 39

प्रस्रवणगिरिवासवर्णनम्

Residence on Mount Prasravana; Counsel during the Rains

Devanagari script

शरत्कालं प्रतीक्षस्व प्रावृट्कालोऽयमागतः।ततस्सराष्ट्रं सगणं रावणं त्वं वधिष्यसि4.27.39।।

Transliteration

śaratkālaṃ pratīkṣasva prāvṛṭkālo 'yam āgataḥ | tatas sarāṣṭraṃ sagaṇaṃ rāvaṇaṃ tvaṃ vadhiṣyasi || 4.27.39 ||

Translation

لقد أقبل موسمُ الأمطار؛ فانتظر فصلَ الخريف. ثم إنك ستقتل رافانا، مع مملكته وجموعه وجنده.

Word by Word

• śarat-kālam: the autumn season
• śarat-kālam: Karma (कर्म/object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śarat (प्रातिपदिक) + kāla (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: 'śarataḥ kālaḥ'); पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• pratīkṣasva: wait for
• pratīkṣasva: Kriya (क्रिया/action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: prati-√īkṣ (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (Imperative), मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद

• prāvṛṭ-kālaḥ: the rainy season
• prāvṛṭ-kālaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: prāvṛṭ (प्रातिपदिक) + kāla (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• ayam: this
• ayam: Karta (कर्ता/subject apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• āgataḥ: has arrived/set in
• āgataḥ: Kriya (क्रिया/state)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ā-√gam (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past participle); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विधेय (predicate)

• tataḥ: then
• tataḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः/adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tatas (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, अनन्तर्य (then)

• sa-rāṣṭram: together with his kingdom
• sa-rāṣṭram: Karma (कर्म/object qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sa (अव्यय/with) + rāṣṭra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाव-समास ('with his kingdom'); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; रावणम् इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

• sa-gaṇam: with his forces
• sa-gaṇam: Karma (कर्म/object qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sa (अव्यय/with) + gaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाव-समास ('with his troops/retinue'); पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; रावणम् इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

• rāvaṇam: Ravana
• rāvaṇam: Karma (कर्म/object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāvaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• tvam: you
• tvam: Karta (कर्ता/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yusmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• vadhiṣyasi: will slay
• vadhiṣyasi: Kriya (क्रिया/action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √vadh (धातु)
• Form: लृट् (Simple Future), मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

Context

Rama and Lakshmana decided to reside in the long, wide cave on top of the great mountain.

Characters & Entities

• Rama
• Lakshmana
• Ravana
• Rainy season (Prāvṛṭ)
• Autumn (Śarat)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes right timing and prudence: patience is not inaction but disciplined waiting aligned with practical conditions.

What is the narrative situation?

Lakṣmaṇa advises strategic delay due to the monsoon, promising decisive action in autumn against Rāvaṇa.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Prudence (nīti) joined with determination—choosing the proper time to act for a righteous goal.