Shloka 29

वृक्षैः स्सशाखै स्सशिखैर्वज्रकोटिनिभैर्नखैः4.16.28।।मुष्टिभिर्जानुभिः पद्भिर्बाहुभिश्च पुनः पुनः।तयोर्युद्धमभूद्घोरं वृत्रवासवयोरिव4.16.29।।

vṛkṣaiḥ saśākhaiḥ saśikhair vajrakoṭinibhair nakhaiḥ || 4.16.28 ||

muṣṭibhir jānubhiḥ padbhir bāhubhiś ca punaḥ punaḥ |

tayor yuddham abhūd ghoraṃ vṛtravāsavayor iva || 4.16.29 ||

وكانا يضرب أحدُهما الآخر مرارًا: بأشجارٍ ذاتِ أغصانٍ وذُرى، وبأظفارٍ صلبةٍ كأنها رؤوسُ الصواعق، وبالقبضات والركب والأقدام والعضدَين. فغدا قتالُهما مروّعًا كقتال فِرِتْرَا وفَاسَفَا (إندرا).

tauthose two
tau:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPronoun (सर्वनाम); Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Dual (द्विवचन)
śoṇita-aktausmeared with blood
śoṇita-aktau:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject-qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootśoṇita (प्रातिपदिक) + akta (कृदन्त, √añj/अञ्ज् ‘to smear’)
FormTatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) ‘śoṇitena aktau’; Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Dual (द्विवचन)
yudhyetāmthey two fought
yudhyetām:
Kriya (क्रिया/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Root√yudh (युध्)
FormImperfect (लङ्) / narrative past; 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Dual (द्विवचन), Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद)
vānarautwo monkeys
vānarau:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject-apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootvānara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Dual (द्विवचन)
vana-cāriṇauforest-roaming
vana-cāriṇau:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject-qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootvana (प्रातिपदिक) + cārin (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त-आधार ‘one who moves’)
FormTatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) ‘vane cāriṇau’; Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Dual (द्विवचन)
meghautwo clouds
meghau:
Upamana (उपमान/Standard of comparison)
TypeNoun
Rootmegha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Dual (द्विवचन)
ivalike
iva:
Upama (उपमा/Comparison)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiva (अव्यय)
FormComparative particle (उपमावाचक अव्यय)
mahā-śabdaiḥwith loud sounds
mahā-śabdaiḥ:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootmahā (प्रातिपदिक) + śabda (प्रातिपदिक)
FormKarmadhāraya (कर्मधारय) ‘mahān śabdaḥ’; Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन)
tarjamānauthreatening/roaring at
tarjamānau:
Karta (कर्ता/Agent-participle)
TypeVerb
Root√tarj (तर्ज् ‘to threaten’) (शानच्/वर्तमान कृदन्त)
FormPresent active participle (वर्तमान कृदन्त, शानच्); Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Dual (द्विवचन)
parasparameach other
parasparam:
Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootparaspara (प्रातिपदिक used adverbially)
FormReciprocal adverb (परस्परम्—अव्ययीभाववत् प्रयोग)

Both like Vritra and Indra fought, hitting each other again and again with trees full of branches and tops, with their hard nails akin to thunderbolts and with their fists, knees, feet, etc.

S
Sugrīva
V
Vālin
T
trees
V
vajra (thunderbolt)
V
Vṛtra
V
Vāsava (Indra)

FAQs

The verse frames the duel within the epic’s moral universe: violence is shown as grave and consequential, and therefore must be governed by rightful purpose and restraint—otherwise it becomes ‘ghora’ (terrifying) and destructive.

The fight escalates into close-quarters brutality; both use natural weapons (trees) and bodily strikes repeatedly.

Indomitable fighting spirit; also the epic’s emphasis that such power must be directed by dharma.