Shloka 13

खर

शूर्पणखा-संवादः | Khara and Surpanakha: Lament, Reproach, and the Janasthana Crisis

Devanagari script

एते च निहता भूमौ रामेण निशितैः शरैः।येऽपि मे पदवीं प्राप्ता राक्षसाः पिशिताशनाः।।।।

Transliteration

ete ca nihatā bhūmau rāmeṇa niśitaiḥ śaraiḥ | ye 'pi me padavīṃ prāptā rākṣasāḥ piśitāśanāḥ ||

Translation

هؤلاء الشياطين آكلو اللحوم أيضًا، الذين ساروا في طريقي، قد قتلهم راما بسهام حادة وهم ملقون على الأرض.

Word by Word

• एते: these
• एते: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; Demonstrative pronoun, Nominative plural

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• निहताः: were killed
• निहताः: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: निहत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; नि+हन् धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्यय (PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; predicative passive: were slain

• भूमौ: on the ground
• भूमौ: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भूमि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Locative singular

• रामेण: by Rama
• रामेण: Kartr-karana (कर्तृकरण/हेतुः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (करण), एकवचन; Instrumental singular (agent in passive)

• निशितैः: with sharp
• निशितैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: निशित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; निश्/निश्? from नि+शि 'to sharpen' / 'sharp')
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; adjective to शरैः

• शरैः: arrows
• शरैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (करण), बहुवचन; Instrumental plural

• ये: who/which
• ये: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; Relative pronoun, Nominative plural

• अपि: also/even
• अपि: Sambandha/Emphasis (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle)

• मे: my
• मे: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Genitive singular pronoun

• पदवीम्: path/track
• पदवीम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पदवी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Accusative singular

• प्राप्ताः: have come/reached
• प्राप्ताः: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्राप्त (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; प्र+आप् धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्यय (PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; predicative: have reached

• राक्षसाः: demons
• राक्षसाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राक्षस (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; Nominative plural

• पिशिताशनाः: flesh-eating
• पिशिताशनाः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पिशिताशन (प्रातिपदिक: पिशित + अशन्/अशन)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; adjective to राक्षसाः

Context

The demons who live on flesh, who came following me fell down on earth and lay dead, shot by the sharp arrows of Rama.

Characters & Entities

• Shurpanakha (Śūrpaṇakhā)
• Khara
• Rama
• rakshasas

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Harmful companions and harmful aims lead to downfall; dharma protects the forest-dwellers by removing violent threats.

What is the narrative situation?

Shurpanakha informs Khara that the rakshasas who followed her were killed by Rama.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rama’s protective valor—swift action against those threatening peace in the forest.