Shloka 1
Devanagari script
वसतस्तस्य तु सुखं राघवस्य महात्मनः।शरद्व्यपाये हेमन्तऋतुरिष्टः प्रवर्तत।।।।
Transliteration
vasatas tasya tu sukhaṃ rāghavasya mahātmanaḥ |
śarad-vyapāye hemanta-ṛtur iṣṭaḥ pravartata ||
Translation
وبينما كان راغهافا العظيم النفس يقيم هناك في راحةٍ وسكينة، انقضى الخريف وبدأ فصلُ هِمانتا المحبوب، أي أوّل الشتاء.
Word by Word
वसतःof (him) dwelling
वसतः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeAdjective
Rootvas (धातु) + śatṛ (कृदन्त-प्रत्यय)
FormPresent active participle (वर्तमानकाले कर्तरि शतृ), Masculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular; agreeing with 'tasya/rāghavasya' = 'of him who was dwelling'
तस्यof him/that
तस्य:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular; pronoun
तुbut, indeed
तु:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
FormParticle (विरोध/अन्वय-अव्यय)
सुखम्comfort, happiness
सुखम्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootsukha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; predicate/subject of 'pravartata' in sense 'comfort prevailed'
राघवस्यof Raghava (Rama)
राघवस्य:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootrāghava (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular; apposition to 'tasya'
महात्मनःof the great-souled
महात्मनः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeAdjective
Rootmahā-ātman (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular; karmadhāraya: mahān ātmā yasya (great-souled)
शरद्-व्यपायेat the end of autumn
शरद्-व्यपाये:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootśarad-vyapāya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular; tatpuruṣa: śaradaḥ vyapāyaḥ (departure of autumn)
हेमन्त-ऋतुःthe winter season
हेमन्त-ऋतुः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roothemanta-ṛtu (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; karmadhāraya: hemantaḥ eva ṛtuḥ (the winter season)
इष्टःbeloved, desired
इष्टः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootiṣṭa (प्रातिपदिक; from √iṣ/इष् in sense 'desired', past passive participle used adjectivally)
FormPast passive participle (भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त), Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; qualifying 'hemantaṛtuḥ'
प्रवर्ततset in, began
प्रवर्तत:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootpra-vṛt (धातु)
FormImperfect (लङ्), Ātmanepada, 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular; pra+vṛt = to set in/begin
Context
While the great self Rama lived happily there, autumn passed and dear winter set in.
Characters & Entities
R
Rāma (Rāghava)FAQs
Dharma is steadiness across changing circumstances: seasons change, yet Rāma continues his disciplined life without wavering.
The narrative transitions to seasonal description, marking the passage of time during their residence in the forest hermitage.
Endurance and equanimity—Rāma remains content and stable as time moves on.