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Shloka 172

Karma, Non-Violence, Tīrtha & Gaṅgā Merit, Vaiṣṇava Protection, Śālagrāma Worship, and Ekādaśī as Deliverance

दीर्घायुषो धनाढ्याश्च भवंतीह पुनःपुनः । किमत्र बहुनोक्तेन यांत्यधर्मेण दुर्गतिम्

dīrghāyuṣo dhanāḍhyāśca bhavaṃtīha punaḥpunaḥ | kimatra bahunoktena yāṃtyadharmeṇa durgatim

قد يصيرون في هذا العالم مرارًا ذوي عمرٍ طويلٍ وثراء؛ ولكن ما جدوى الإكثار من القول؟ فبالأدهرما يمضون إلى مآلٍ شقيّ.

दीर्घायुषःlong-lived
दीर्घायुषः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject; predicate nominal)
TypeAdjective
Rootदीर्घ (प्रातिपदिक) + आयुस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (Plural); कर्मधारय (descriptive: 'long-lived')
धनाढ्याःwealthy
धनाढ्याः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject; predicate nominal)
TypeAdjective
Rootधन (प्रातिपदिक) + आढ्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (Plural); तत्पुरुष (possessing much wealth: 'rich in wealth')
and
:
समुच्चय (Coordinator)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (Conjunction)
भवन्तिbecome/are
भवन्ति:
क्रिया (Verb/Action)
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु) [भवति]
Formलट् (Present), परस्मैपद (Parasmaipada), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन (Plural)
इहhere (in this world)
इह:
क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial modifier)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह (अव्यय)
Formदेशवाचक-अव्यय (Adverb of place)
पुनःagain
पुनः:
क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial modifier)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः (अव्यय)
Formपुनरावृत्ति-वाचक-अव्यय (Adverb: repetition)
पुनःagain (repeatedly)
पुनः:
क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial modifier)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः (अव्यय)
Formपुनरावृत्ति-वाचक-अव्यय (Adverb; reduplication for emphasis)
किम्what (use)?
किम्:
निपात (Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकिम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रश्नार्थक-निपात (Interrogative particle; used idiomatically 'what need?')
अत्रhere, in this matter
अत्र:
क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial modifier)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र (अव्यय)
Formदेशवाचक-अव्यय (Adverb of place/context: 'here/in this matter')
बहुनाwith much (talk)
बहुना:
करण (Karaṇa/Instrument; 'with much (talk)')
TypeNoun
Rootबहु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter; used adverbially), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन (Singular)
उक्तेनby speaking (much)
उक्तेन:
करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootवच् (धातु) + क्त (कृत्-प्रत्यय) → उक्त (प्रातिपदिक)
Formभूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (Past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन (Singular); 'by what is said' (idiom: 'by many words')
यान्तिgo
यान्ति:
क्रिया (Verb/Action)
TypeVerb
Rootया (धातु) [याति]
Formलट् (Present), परस्मैपद (Parasmaipada), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन (Plural)
अधर्मेणby unrighteousness
अधर्मेण:
करण (Karaṇa/Instrument; means/cause)
TypeNoun
Rootअधर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन (Singular)
दुर्गतिम्a bad state, misfortune
दुर्गतिम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object; destination)
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्गति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)

Unspecified (narrative voice within the Svarga-khaṇḍa discourse)

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Sandhi Resolution Notes: धनाढ्याश्च = धनाढ्याः + च; भवंतीह = भवन्ति + इह; बहुनोक्तेन = बहुना + उक्तेन; यांत्यधर्मेण = यान्ति + अधर्मेण.

FAQs

No. It acknowledges that people may repeatedly attain long life and wealth, but it warns that such gains, when rooted in adharma, culminate in durgati—a ruinous outcome.

Worldly prosperity is not a reliable sign of righteousness; lasting welfare depends on dharma, because adharma ultimately leads to a degraded or painful destination.

It reflects the Purāṇic view that karmic results may ripen over time: temporary success can occur, but unrighteous action eventually produces adverse consequences.