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Shloka 90

The Arkāṅga Saptamī (Bhāskara Saptamī) Vow: Origin of Sūrya, Pacification of Rays, and Māgha Saptamī Observance

अर्काग्रं शुचिगोमयं सुमरिचं तोयं फलं चाश्नुते । मूलं नक्तमुपोषणं च विधिवत्कृत्वैकभक्तं तथा । क्षीरं वाप्यशनं घृताक्तमिति च प्रोक्ताः क्रमेणामुना । कृत्वा वासरसप्तमीं दिनकृतः प्राप्नोत्यभीष्टं फलं

arkāgraṃ śucigomayaṃ sumaricaṃ toyaṃ phalaṃ cāśnute | mūlaṃ naktamupoṣaṇaṃ ca vidhivatkṛtvaikabhaktaṃ tathā | kṣīraṃ vāpyaśanaṃ ghṛtāktamiti ca proktāḥ krameṇāmunā | kṛtvā vāsarasaptamīṃ dinakṛtaḥ prāpnotyabhīṣṭaṃ phalaṃ

عليه أن يتناول على الترتيب: أوراق الأَرْكا، وروث البقر الطاهر، وحبّة فلفل أسود جيّدة، والماء، والفاكهة؛ ثم الجذور؛ ثم صوم النَّكْتا؛ ثم، على الوجه الشرعي، وجبة واحدة في اليوم؛ ثم يقتات باللبن؛ ثم طعامًا مدهونًا بالسمن المصفّى (غِي). هكذا ذُكرت المراتب خطوةً خطوة. ومن أقام سبتَمي يوم الأحد على هذا النحو نال من إله الشمس الثمرة المنشودة.

arkāgramarka-tip
arkāgram:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootarka (प्रातिपदिक) + agra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; tatpuruṣa: arkasyāgram (tip of arka plant)
śuci-gomayampure cow-dung
śuci-gomayam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootśuci (प्रातिपदिक) + gomaya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; कर्मधारय: śuci gomayam (pure cow-dung)
su-maricamgood pepper
su-maricam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootsu (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + marica (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; karmadhāraya sense: good/selected pepper
toyamwater
toyam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottoya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular
phalamfruit
phalam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootphala (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चय)
aśnuteeats/consumes
aśnute:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√aś (धातु)
FormPresent/लट्, Ātmanepada; 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular
mūlamroot
mūlam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootmūla (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular
naktamnight-meal (only)
naktam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootnakta (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (night-meal observance)
upoṣaṇamfasting
upoṣaṇam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootupoṣaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चय)
vidhi-vataccording to rule
vidhi-vat:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvidhi (प्रातिपदिक) + vat (तद्धित)
FormAdverb (क्रियाविशेषण), formed with -वत्; meaning 'according to rule'
kṛtvāhaving done/observed
kṛtvā:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (पूर्वक्रिया)
TypeIndeclinable
Root√kṛ (धातु) + tvā (कृत्)
FormAbsolutive/क्त्वान्त (gerund); avyaya; prior action
eka-bhaktamsingle meal
eka-bhaktam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rooteka (प्रातिपदिक) + bhakta (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; single-meal observance
tathālikewise
tathā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā (अव्यय)
FormAdverb/particle
kṣīrammilk
kṣīram:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootkṣīra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular
or
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvā (अव्यय)
FormDisjunctive particle (विकल्प)
apialso
api:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
FormParticle (समुच्चय/अपि = also/even)
aśanamfood/eating
aśanam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootaśana (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular
ghṛta-aktamsmeared with ghee
ghṛta-aktam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootghṛta (प्रातिपदिक) + akta (प्रातिपदिक; from √añj/√añj? 'smeared')
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; tatpuruṣa: ghṛtena aktam (smeared with ghee)
itithus
iti:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/quotative)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
FormQuotative particle (इति-प्रयोग)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चय)
proktāḥare stated
proktāḥ:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (विधेय)
TypeAdjective
Rootpra√vac (धातु) + ta (कृत्)
FormPast passive participle (क्त/ktá); Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural; predicative (these are said)
krameṇain order/ क्रमशः
krameṇa:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkrama (प्रातिपदिक)
FormInstrumental used adverbially; Masculine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular
amunāby this (method)
amunā:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootadas (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
FormPronoun; Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular
kṛtvāhaving performed
kṛtvā:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (पूर्वक्रिया)
TypeIndeclinable
Root√kṛ (धातु) + tvā (कृत्)
FormAbsolutive/क्त्वान्त; avyaya
vāsara-saptamīmthe Vāsara-saptamī observance
vāsara-saptamīm:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootvāsara (प्रातिपदिक) + saptamī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; tatpuruṣa: vāsarasaptamī (Sunday Saptamī / Saptamī connected with day)
dina-kṛtaḥthe Sun
dina-kṛtaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootdina (प्रातिपदिक) + kṛt (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; tatpuruṣa: dinaṃ karoti (sun)
prāpnotiattains/grants
prāpnoti:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootpra√āp (धातु)
FormPresent/लट्, Parasmaipada; 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular
abhīṣṭamdesired
abhīṣṭam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootabhīṣṭa (प्रातिपदिक; from abhi√iṣ 'desired')
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; qualifying phalam
phalamfruit/result
phalam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootphala (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular

Unspecified in the provided excerpt (instructional narration within the Adhyaya).

Concept: A vow is a structured ascent: graded foods and restraints cultivate self-mastery and focus, culminating in divine favor.

Application: Use ‘step protocols’ for difficult disciplines (diet, speech, digital fasting): define stages, keep measures, and track completion criteria.

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"A ritual table displays the vow’s sequence like a sacred still-life: arka leaves, a small purified cow-dung pellet, a single glossy peppercorn, a copper cup of water, and a ripe fruit glistening with ghee. Behind them, the devotee sits facing a radiant Sun-disc, suggesting that even minute acts—done in order—become a ladder to blessing.","primary_figures":["a vrata-observer","Sūrya (solar disc or deity form)"],"setting":"Clean altar space with copper vessels, a small lamp, and neatly arranged offerings labeled by order; open sky visible beyond.","lighting_mood":"divine radiance","color_palette":["sun gold","copper","ivory","leaf green","black pepper brown"],"tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore painting style: close-up altar still-life with embossed gold leaf sun rays; devotee in profile offering arghya; rich crimson backdrop, emerald borders, gem-like highlights on copper vessels, traditional iconography of Sūrya above.","pahari_prompt":"Pahari miniature style: refined still-life arrangement on a low wooden platform; soft morning light; delicate textures of leaf, pepper, and ghee; distant pale sun over hills; subtle inscriptions marking the sequence.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural style: stylized offerings with bold outlines; Sūrya in a circular halo; flat pigments and decorative borders; strong ochre and red with green accents; temple-wall austerity.","pichwai_prompt":"Pichwai cloth painting style: central golden sun-maṇḍala with lotus border; offerings arranged symmetrically below; intricate floral creepers, peacocks at corners; deep indigo ground with gold detailing."}

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"dramatic","suggested_raga":"Desh","pace":"moderate-narrative","voice_tone":"authoritative","sound_elements":["conch shell","temple bells","soft drum (mridang)","wind through leaves"]}

Sandhi Resolution Notes: cāśnute = ca + aśnute; naktam-upoṣaṇam = naktam + upoṣaṇam; vāpyaśanam = vā + api + aśanam; prāpnoty-abhīṣṭam = prāpnoti + abhīṣṭam.

S
Sūrya (Dinakṛt)

FAQs

It prescribes a step-by-step dietary and fasting regimen to observe Vāsara-Saptamī (Saptamī tithi falling on Sunday) as a Sun-related vrata.

The verse states that the Sun (Dinakṛt) grants the observer the desired result (abhīṣṭa-phala) when the vow is performed in the prescribed order.

It emphasizes disciplined, rule-based observance (vidhivat) and gradual restraint as a means to align one’s practice with a devotional vow and obtain its intended spiritual or worldly fruit.