Shloka 20

The Account of the Fruits of Bathing at Particular Sacred Places

Tīrtha-viśeṣa-snāna-phala

Devanagari script

गंगातीरे तु संप्राप्ता इंदोः कोटी रवेर्दश । वारुणेन समायुक्ता मधौ कृष्णा त्रयोदशी । गंगायां यदि लभ्येत सूर्यग्रहशतैः समा ॥ २० ॥

Transliteration

gaṃgātīre tu saṃprāptā iṃdoḥ koṭī raverdaśa | vāruṇena samāyuktā madhau kṛṣṇā trayodaśī | gaṃgāyāṃ yadi labhyeta sūryagrahaśataiḥ samā || 20 ||

Translation

إذا وقع على ضفاف الغانغا في شهر مَدهو (تشيترا) اليوم الثالث عشر (ترايودشي) من النصف المظلم، مقترنًا بتأثير ڤارونا (عنصر الماء)، فإن من ناله وأقامه عند الغانغا حاز ثوابًا يساوي عشرةَ كرورٍ من خسوفات القمر ومئةَ كسوفٍ للشمس.

Word by Word

• गङ्गा-तीरे: on the bank of the Ganga
• गङ्गा-तीरे: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गङ्गा (प्रातिपदिक) + तीर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुषः (गङ्गायाः तीरम्)

• तु: indeed; but
• तु: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्ययम्; विरोध/विशेषार्थकं (but/indeed)

• सम्प्राप्ता: obtained/occurring
• सम्प्राप्ता: Karta-anvaya (कर्तृ-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम्-प्र-आप् (धातु) → प्राप्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; भूतकृदन्तः (क्त)

• इन्दोः: of the moon
• इन्दोः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्दु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन

• कोटी: a crore (ten million)
• कोटी: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कोटि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; संख्या/परिमाणवाचक

• रवेः: of the sun
• रवेः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रवि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन

• दश: ten
• दश: Visheshaṇa (विशेषण/quantifier)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दश (प्रातिपदिक/संख्या)
• Form: अव्ययवत् संख्याशब्दः; प्रथमा (Nominative) एकवचन/अविकारी प्रयोगः; ‘ten’ (elliptic: ten [crores/units])

• वारुणेन: with (the) Varuṇa-related (yoga/condition)
• वारुणेन: Karana (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वारुण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग (प्रयोगे), तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; ‘वारुण’ = वरुणसम्बन्धि (Varuṇa-related)

• समायुक्ता: joined/combined
• समायुक्ता: Karta-anvaya (कर्तृ-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम्-आ-युज् (धातु) → युक्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; भूतकृदन्तः (क्त)

• मधौ: in (the month) Madhu
• मधौ: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Time)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मधु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; मासवाचक (in the month Madhu/Chaitra)

• कृष्णा: dark (fortnight)
• कृष्णा: Visheshaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कृष्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; पक्षविशेषणम् (dark fortnight)

• त्रयोदशी: the thirteenth lunar day
• त्रयोदशी: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्रयोदशी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; तिथिवाचक

• गङ्गायाम्: in the Ganga
• गङ्गायाम्: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गङ्गा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन

• यदि: if
• यदि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/condition marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यदि (अव्यय)
• Form: शर्तार्थक-अव्ययम् (conditional particle)

• लभ्येत: would be obtained
• लभ्येत: Kriya (क्रिया/Predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: लभ् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; कर्मणि-प्रयोगः (Passive); आत्मनेपदम्

• सूर्य-ग्रह-शतैः: by hundreds of solar eclipses
• सूर्य-ग्रह-शतैः: Upamana/Pramana (उपमान/प्रमाण—comparison instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सूर्य (प्रातिपदिक) + ग्रह (प्रातिपदिक) + शत (प्रातिपदिक/संख्या)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुषः (सूर्यग्रहणानां शतैः)

• समा: equal
• समा: Kriya-visheshaṇa (predicate adjective)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; तुल्यार्थक-विशेषणम्

Speaker

Narada (teaching in the Uttara-Bhaga tirtha-mahatmya dialogue, traditionally conveyed within the Narada–Sanatkumara frame)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: bhakti

Characters & Entities

• Ganga
• Surya
• Chandra
• Varuna

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It elevates Gaṅgā-tīrtha observance by declaring that performing the specified Trayodaśī timing at the Gaṅgā carries eclipse-level merit, underscoring the exceptional purifying power (tīrtha-mahātmyā) of the river.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

By emphasizing sacred time (tithi) and sacred place (Gaṅgā) as supports for worship and vows, it encourages devotees to align practice with auspicious occasions—strengthening faith, discipline, and God-centered ritual intent.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

It applies Jyotiṣa/Vedāṅga timing: month (Madhu/Caitra), fortnight (kṛṣṇa-pakṣa), tithi (trayodaśī), and comparative phala using eclipse benchmarks (grahaṇa), guiding ritual scheduling and merit assessment.