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Shloka 20

Kāṣṭhīla-Upākhyāna: Rākṣasī, Spear-Śakti, and Kāśī as Śakti-kṣetra

कौमारं या पतिं हन्ति सा कथं मां न हिंसति । मत्तो रूपाधिकं मत्वा परं पुरुषलंपटा ॥ २० ॥

kaumāraṃ yā patiṃ hanti sā kathaṃ māṃ na hiṃsati | matto rūpādhikaṃ matvā paraṃ puruṣalaṃpaṭā || 20 ||

تلك التي استطاعت قتل زوجها وهي لا تزال في ريعان شبابها، كيف لا تؤذيني؟ إذا ظنت أن رجلاً آخر أجمل مني، فإن تلك المرأة الوقحة، التي تشتهي الغرباء، ستخونني بالتأكيد.

kaumāramin maidenhood
kaumāram:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeNoun
Rootkaumāra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म/अवधि-अर्थे), एकवचन; adverbial accusative ‘in maidenhood/while a maiden’
who
:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता), एकवचन; relative pronoun
patimhusband
patim:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootpati (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचन
hantikills
hanti:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Roothan (धातु)
Formलट् (वर्तमान/Present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद
she
:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता), एकवचन
kathamhow
katham:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkatham (अव्यय)
Formप्रश्नार्थक-अव्यय (interrogative adverb)
māmme
mām:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचन
nanot
na:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध (negation particle)
hiṃsatiharms/kills
hiṃsati:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Roothiṃs (धातु)
Formलट् (वर्तमान/Present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद
mattaḥthan me/from me
mattaḥ:
Apādāna (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपञ्चमी (अपादान), एकवचन; ablative ‘than/from me’ (comparative standard)
rūpa-adhikammore beautiful (one)
rūpa-adhikam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootrūpa (प्रातिपदिक) + adhika (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचन; ‘superior in beauty’ (comparative sense)
matvāhaving considered
matvā:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootman (धातु) + ktvā (क्त्वा)
Formक्त्वान्त-अव्ययकृदन्त (absolutive), ‘having thought/considered’
paramanother
param:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootpara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचन; object of (implied) seeking/choosing
puruṣa-laṃpaṭāa man-crazed (woman)
puruṣa-laṃpaṭā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootpuruṣa (प्रातिपदिक) + laṃpaṭā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता), एकवचन; ‘lustful for men’

A male character in the narrative (husband/lover figure expressing suspicion and fear)

Vrata: none

Primary Rasa: bhayanaka

Secondary Rasa: raudra

FAQs

It highlights the dharmic warning that uncontrolled desire and betrayal (parapuruṣa-lampaṭatā) lead to violence, fear, and the collapse of trust—showing how adharma destroys household harmony.

Indirectly, it contrasts worldly obsession and suspicion with the steadiness required for bhakti—devotion thrives on self-control and fidelity to dharma, whereas lust and deceit scatter the mind.

Primarily nīti and dharma instruction rather than a Vedanga technical lesson; the verse functions as ethical guidance on conduct (ācāra) and the social consequences of adharma.