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Shloka 19

Damayantī’s Proposal of a Witnessed Choice; Nala Reports to the Lokapālas

Adhyāya 53

स ददर्श ततो हंसान्‌ जातरूपपरिष्कृतान्‌ | वने विचरतां तेषामेकं जग्राह पक्षिणम्‌,इतनेहीमें उनकी दृष्टि कुछ हंसोंपर पड़ी, जो सुवर्णमय पंखोंसे विभूषित थे। वे उसी उपवनमें विचर रहे थे। राजाने उनमेंसे एक हंसको पकड़ लिया

sa dadarśa tato haṁsān jātarūpa-pariṣkṛtān | vane vicaratāṁ teṣām ekaṁ jagrāha pakṣiṇam ||

ثم رأى بجعاتٍ كأن أجسادها مُزَيَّنة بذهبٍ مصقول. وبينما كانت تجوس في غيضة الغابة، قبض الملك على طائرٍ واحدٍ من بينها.

सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ददर्शsaw
ददर्श:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), Third, Singular
ततःthen/thereupon
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
हंसान्swans
हंसान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootहंस
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
जातरूपपरिष्कृतान्adorned/embellished with gold
जातरूपपरिष्कृतान्:
TypeAdjective
Rootजातरूपपरिष्कृत
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
वनेin the forest
वने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवन
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
विचरताम्of (those) roaming
विचरताम्:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-चर्
FormPresent active participle (Śatṛ), Masculine, Genitive, Plural
तेषाम्of them
तेषाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
एकम्one
एकम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootएक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
जग्राहseized/caught
जग्राह:
TypeVerb
Rootग्रह्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), Third, Singular
पक्षिणम्bird
पक्षिणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपक्षिन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

बृहृदश्चव उवाच

B
Bṛhadaśva (speaker)
T
the king (rājā, implied)
H
haṁsa (swans)
V
vana (forest/grove)
J
jātarūpa (gold)

Educational Q&A

Even a small act driven by desire—such as seizing a harmless creature—can become the starting point for a moral test. The verse hints at the dharmic tension between royal power (the ability to take) and ethical restraint (the duty to protect and act with self-control).

Bṛhadaśva narrates that the king notices swans shining as if adorned with gold while they roam in the forest. He catches one of them, initiating the next development in the story, typically involving dialogue or a lesson arising from this capture.