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Shloka 2

नलदमयन्त्युपाख्यानम्—नलप्रशंसा हंसदूतवृत्तान्तः

Nala–Damayantī Upākhyāna: Praise of Nala and the Swan-Messenger Episode

कथं च राजा पुत्र तमुपेक्षेताल्पचेतसम्‌ । दुर्योधनं पाण्डुपुत्रान्‌ कोपयानं महारथान्‌,उस मन्दबुद्धि राजकुमार दुर्योधनको ही किसी तरह त्याग देना उनके लिये सर्वथा उचित था जो महारथी पाण्डवोंको अपने दुर्व्यवहारसे कुपित करता जा रहा था

kathaṃ ca rājā putra tam upekṣetālpacetasam | duryodhanaṃ pāṇḍuputrān kopayānaṃ mahārathān ||

سأل جناميجايا: «كيف استطاع الملك أن يتغافل عن ذلك الابن—دوريودهانا ضيّق العقل قليل الرأي—الذي كان بسوء سلوكه يثير غضب أبناء باندو، أولئك المقاتلين العظام أصحاب المركبات؟ أليس من الحق، صونًا للعدل ولشأن المملكة، أن يكبح الملك ذلك الأمير الأحمق أو حتى يعزله؟»

कथम्how?
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पुत्रम्son
पुत्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तम्him/that (one)
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
उपेक्षेतshould disregard/neglect
उपेक्षेत:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-ईक्ष्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
अल्पचेतसम्of little understanding
अल्पचेतसम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअल्पचेतस्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
दुर्योधनम्Duryodhana
दुर्योधनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्योधन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पाण्डुपुत्रान्the sons of Pandu (Pandavas)
पाण्डुपुत्रान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डुपुत्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
कोपयानम्provoking/anger-making
कोपयानम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootकोपयत्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular, Present participle (Parasmaipada), accusative singular masculine
महारथान्great chariot-warriors
महारथान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमहारथ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural

जनमेजय उवाच

J
Janamejaya
D
Duryodhana
P
Pāṇḍavas (sons of Pāṇḍu)
T
the King (Dhṛtarāṣṭra, implied)

Educational Q&A

A ruler’s duty (rājadharma) includes restraining harmful conduct even when it comes from one’s own child. Indulgence toward a foolish, provocative heir becomes complicity in injustice and endangers the kingdom.

Janamejaya challenges the moral logic of the situation: he asks how the king could keep overlooking Duryodhana’s small-minded behavior as it repeatedly angered the powerful Pāṇḍavas, thereby intensifying hostility and pushing events toward open conflict.