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Shloka 6

Skanda-janma: Śivā/Svāhā, Agni, and the Manifestation of Guha

Mahābhārata 3.214

(अव्यक्तं सत्त्वसंज्ञं च जीव: काल: स चैव हि । प्रकृति: पुरुषश्चैव प्राण एव द्विजोत्तम ।। जागर्ति स्वप्नकाले च स्वप्रे स्वप्रायते च सः । द्विजश्रेष्ठ! प्राण ही अव्यक्त, सत्त्व, जीव, काल, प्रकृति और पुरुष है। वही जाग्रत्‌- अवस्थामें जागता है। वही स्वप्नकालमें स्वप्न-जगत्‌का निर्माण करके स्वप्लावस्थाकी सारी चेष्टाएँ करता है ।। जाग्रत्सु बलमाधत्ते चेष्टत्सु चेष्टयत्यपि ।। तस्मिन्‌ निरुद्धे विप्रेन्द्र मृत इत्यभिधीयते । त्यक्त्वा शरीरं भूतात्मा पुनरन्यत्‌ प्रपद्यते ।।) वही जाग्रतकालमें बलका आधान करता है और चेष्टाशील प्राणियोंमें चेष्टा उत्पन्न करता है। विप्रवर! उस प्राणका निरोध हो जानेपर ही प्रत्येक जीव मरा हुआ कहलाता है। भूतात्मा प्राण एक शरीरको छोड़कर फिर दूसरे शरीरमें प्रविष्ट हो जाता है ।। एवं त्विह स सर्वत्र प्राणेन परिपाल्यते । पृष्ठतस्तु समानेन स्वां स्वां गतिमुपाश्रित:,इस प्रकार इस जगतमें सर्वत्र प्राणकी स्थिति है। प्राणके द्वारा ही सबका पालन होता है। पीछे वही प्राण जब समानवायु भावको प्राप्त होता है तब अपनी-अपनी पृथक्‌ गतिका आश्रय लेता है

vyādha uvāca |

avyaktaṃ sattvasaṃjñaṃ ca jīvaḥ kālaḥ sa caiva hi |

prakṛtiḥ puruṣaś caiva prāṇa eva dvijottama ||

jāgarti svapnakāle ca svapne svaprāyate ca saḥ |

jāgratsu balam ādhattte ceṣṭatsu ceṣṭayaty api ||

tasmin niruddhe viprendra mṛta ity abhidhīyate |

tyaktvā śarīraṃ bhūtātmā punar anyat prapadyate ||

evaṃ tv iha sa sarvatra prāṇena paripālyate |

pṛṣṭhatas tu samānena svāṃ svāṃ gatim upāśritaḥ ||

قال الصيّاد: «يا خيرَ ذوي الميلادين، إنّ پْرَانا (Prāṇa) نفسَه هو ما يُسمّى غيرَ المتجلّي (Avyakta)؛ وهو أيضًا “الوجود” (sattva)، والنفسُ الفردية (jīva)، والزمنُ (kāla). وهو الطبيعةُ (prakṛti) وهو الشخصُ (puruṣa) كذلك. پْرَانا هو الذي يظلّ يقظًا في حال اليقظة؛ وفي زمن الحلم يصوغ عالمَ المنام ويؤدّي جميع أفعال حالة الحلم. وفي اليقظين يرسّخ القوّة، وفي الساعين يدفع سعيَهم. فإذا كُفَّ ذلك الپْرَانا، يا أسبقَ البراهمة، قيل إنّ المرءَ قد مات. فإذا ترك جسدًا دخلت الذاتُ العنصرية (bhūtātman) جسدًا آخر. وهكذا، في هذا العالم، كلُّ شيءٍ في كلِّ مكانٍ قائمٌ بپْرَانا؛ ثمّ بعد ذلك، في هيئة النفس “المُسَوِّي” (samāna)، يسلك لكلّ كائنٍ مسارَه الخاصّ المتميّز.»

अव्यक्तम्unmanifest
अव्यक्तम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअव्यक्त
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
सत्त्वसंज्ञम्called 'sattva'
सत्त्वसंज्ञम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसत्त्वसंज्ञ
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
जीवःliving being; soul
जीवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजीव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कालःtime
कालः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकाल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सःhe/that
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed; just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
हिfor; indeed
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
प्रकृतिःnature; primordial matter
प्रकृतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रकृति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
पुरुषःperson; spirit
पुरुषः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
प्राणःvital breath; life-force
प्राणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्राण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एवitself; alone
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
द्विजोत्तमO best of the twice-born
द्विजोत्तम:
TypeNoun
Rootद्विजोत्तम
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
जागर्तिis awake; wakes
जागर्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootजागृ
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
स्वप्नकालेin dream-time
स्वप्नकाले:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootस्वप्नकाल
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
स्वप्नेin a dream
स्वप्ने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootस्वप्न
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
स्वप्रायतेacts as if dreaming; behaves dreamlike
स्वप्रायते:
TypeVerb
Rootस्वप्राय
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सःhe/that (prāṇa)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
जाग्रत्सुamong the waking (beings); in those awake
जाग्रत्सु:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootजाग्रत्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Plural
बलम्strength
बलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootबल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आधत्तेplaces; bestows; supplies
आधत्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootधा
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
चेष्टत्सुamong those acting/moving
चेष्टत्सु:
Adhikarana
TypeKridanta
Rootचेष्टत्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Plural
चेष्टयतिcauses to act; impels
चेष्टयति:
TypeVerb
Rootचेष्ट्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
अपिalso; even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
तस्मिन्when/in that (prāṇa)
तस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
निरुद्धेbeing restrained/stopped
निरुद्धे:
Adhikarana
TypeKridanta
Rootनिरुद्ध
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
विप्रेन्द्रO lord of brahmins
विप्रेन्द्र:
TypeNoun
Rootविप्रेन्द्र
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
मृतःdead
मृतः:
TypeKridanta
Rootमृत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
अभिधीयतेis called; is said
अभिधीयते:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-धा
FormPresent, Passive, 3rd, Singular
त्यक्त्वाhaving abandoned
त्यक्त्वा:
TypeKridanta
Rootत्यज्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund)
शरीरम्body
शरीरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशरीर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
भूतात्माthe being-soul; embodied self
भूतात्मा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभूतात्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पुनःagain
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
अन्यत्another
अन्यत्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
प्रपद्यतेenters; attains; resorts to
प्रपद्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-पद्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
एवम्thus
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
तुbut; indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
इहhere; in this world
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
सःhe/that (prāṇa)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सर्वत्रeverywhere
सर्वत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसर्वत्र
प्राणेनby/with prāṇa
प्राणेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootप्राण
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
परिपाल्यतेis protected/maintained
परिपाल्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootपरि-पाल्
FormPresent, Passive, 3rd, Singular
पृष्ठतःfrom behind; afterwards
पृष्ठतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपृष्ठतः
तुbut
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
समानेनby the samāna (vital air)
समानेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसमान
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
स्वाम्one's own
स्वाम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootस्व
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
स्वाम्one's own (respective)
स्वाम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootस्व
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
गतिम्course; movement; destination
गतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
उपाश्रितःhaving resorted to; having taken refuge in
उपाश्रितः:
Karta
TypeKridanta
Rootउपाश्रित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

व्याध उवाच

V
Vyādha (the hunter, speaker)
P
Prāṇa
A
Avyakta (the Unmanifest)
S
Sattva
J
Jīva
K
Kāla (Time)
P
Prakṛti
P
Puruṣa
S
Samāna (vital air)

Educational Q&A

Prāṇa is presented as the universal life-principle that underlies waking and dreaming, empowers strength and activity, and whose cessation is called death; it also explains transmigration—leaving one body and entering another—linking physiology (breath) with metaphysics (prakṛti–puruṣa, time, the unmanifest).

In the Vyādha’s instruction to a brahmin interlocutor, he expounds a philosophical account of life and consciousness: prāṇa governs states of experience (waking/dream), animates action, and marks death when restrained; he then describes how the life-principle departs and takes another body, sustaining all beings throughout the world.