Mahabharata 3.201.44 — Vana Parva, Adhyaya 201, Shloka 44
Dharma-vyādha’s Analysis of Moral Decline and the Mahābhūta–Guṇa Schema (धर्मव्याधोपदेशः)
Devanagari script
यमलोकस्य चाध्वानमन्तरं मानुषस्य च । कीदृशं किम्प्रमाणं वा कथं वा तन्महामुने । तरन्ति पुरुषाश्वैव केनोपायेन शंस मे
Translation
«أيها الماهاموني! ما بُعدُ الطريق بين عالم البشر وعالم يَمَ؟ وكيف هيئته، وما مقدار سعته؟ وبأيِّ حيلةٍ يعبر الناسُ أخطارَ ذلك الموضع؟ فاشرح لي.»
Word by Word
यमलोकस्यof Yama's world
यमलोकस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयमलोक
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
अध्वानम्path, journey (distance/route)
अध्वानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअध्वन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अन्तरम्interval, distance
अन्तरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअन्तर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
मानुषस्यof the human (world/realm)
मानुषस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootमानुष
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
कीदृशम्of what kind?
कीदृशम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootकीदृश
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
किम्what?
किम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
प्रमाणम्measure, extent
प्रमाणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रमाण
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
कथम्how?
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
तत्that (place/thing)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
महामुनेO great sage
महामुने:
TypeNoun
Rootमहामुनि
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
तरन्तिcross over, pass beyond
तरन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootतॄ
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
पुरुषाःmen, persons
पुरुषाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
केनby what? by which (means)?
केन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
उपायेनby a means, by a method
उपायेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootउपाय
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
शंसtell, declare
शंस:
TypeVerb
Rootशंस्
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
मेto me
मे:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormDative, Singular
Speaker
वैशम्पायन उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
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