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Shloka 110

कृतयुगवर्णनम् तथा राजधर्मोपदेशः

Kṛtayuga Description and Instruction on Royal Dharma

क्षत्रियाश्ष प्रवर्तन्ते सर्ववर्णानुरंजनै: । वैश्या: कृषिं यथान्यायं कारयन्ति नराधिप,नरेश्वर! क्षत्रिय राजा सब वर्णोकी प्रजाका अनुरंजन करते--सबको सुखी और प्रसन्न रखते थे। वैश्य न्यायपूर्वक खेतीका काम और व्यापार करते थे

kṣatriyāś ca pravartante sarvavarṇānurañjanaiḥ | vaiśyāḥ kṛṣiṃ yathānyāyaṃ kārayanti narādhipa |

قال فَيْشَمْبَايَنَة: «إنّ الكشاتريّا يؤدّون واجبهم باستمالة رضى جميع الطبقات—فيُبقون الناس كافةً راضين حسني النيّة. وأمّا الفيشيا، أيّها الملك، فيُجرون الزراعة وفق العدل والنظام القويم».

क्षत्रियाःKshatriyas
क्षत्रियाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootक्षत्रिय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
प्रवर्तन्तेact / proceed / engage (in their duties)
प्रवर्तन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र√वृत्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Atmanepada
सर्ववर्णानुरंजनैःby pleasing/conciliating all the varnas
सर्ववर्णानुरंजनैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसर्ववर्णानुरंजन
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
वैश्याःVaishyas
वैश्याः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवैश्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
कृषिम्agriculture / farming
कृषिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकृषि
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
यथाas / according to
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
अन्यायम्injustice (improperly)
अन्यायम्:
TypeNoun
Rootअन्याय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
कारयन्तिcause to be done / carry out
कारयन्ति:
TypeVerb
Root√कृ (णिच्)
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
नराधिपO lord of men (king)
नराधिप:
TypeNoun
Rootनराधिप
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
नरेश्वरO king, lord of men
नरेश्वर:
TypeNoun
Rootनरेश्वर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
K
kṣatriyas
V
vaiśyas
N
narādhipa (the king, addressee)

Educational Q&A

The verse presents an ethical model of social functioning: rulers (kṣatriyas) uphold stability by ensuring the welfare and satisfaction of all groups, while producers/merchants (vaiśyas) sustain society through agriculture and economic activity conducted according to nyāya—fairness, law, and propriety.

Vaiśampāyana describes normative conduct within society, highlighting how different social orders perform their roles: the kingly/warrior class governs by conciliating and caring for all varṇas, and the vaiśya class organizes cultivation and livelihood in a just and orderly manner.