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Shloka 42

Kubera’s Arrival and the Disclosure of Agastya’s Curse

Vaiśaṃpāyana–Janamejaya Narrative

प्रियेषु रममाणं त्वां न चैवाप्रियकारिणम्‌ । अतिथिं ब्रह्मरूपं च कथं हन्यामनागसम्‌,तू हमारे प्रिय कार्योमें मन लगाता था। जो हमें प्रिय न लगे, ऐसा काम नहीं करता था। ब्राह्मण अतिथिके रूपमें आया था और कभी कोई अपराध नहीं किया था। ऐसी दशामें मैं तुझे कैसे मारता? जो राक्षसको राक्षस जानते हुए भी बिना किसी अपराधके उसका वध करता है, वह नरकमें जाता है। अभी तेरा समय पूरा नहीं हुआ था, इसलिये भी आजसे पहले तेरा वध नहीं किया जा सकता था

priyeṣu ramamāṇaṃ tvāṃ na caivāpriyakāriṇam | atithiṃ brahmarūpaṃ ca kathaṃ hanyām anāgasam ||

قال فايشَمبايانا: «كنتَ ممن يسرّ بما نحبّ ولا يفعل ما نكره. ولأنك جئتَ ضيفًا في هيئة براهمن، بلا ذنب ولا خطيئة، فكيف لي أن أقتلك؟ إن من يقتل كائنًا—وإن كان يعلم أنه راكشاسا—من غير جنايةٍ منه، يذهب إلى الجحيم. ثم إن الأجل المقدر لك لم يكن قد انقضى بعد؛ لذلك لم يكن يمكن أن تقع وفاتك قبل هذا اليوم».

प्रियेषुin (things) dear/pleasing
प्रियेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रिय
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Plural
रममाणम्delighting/engaging (yourself)
रममाणम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootरम्
FormPresent active participle (Parasmaipada), Masculine, Accusative, Singular
त्वाम्you
त्वाम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
अप्रियकारिणम्one who does what is displeasing
अप्रियकारिणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअप्रियकारिन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अतिथिम्a guest
अतिथिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअतिथि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
ब्रह्मरूपम्having the form of a Brahmin
ब्रह्मरूपम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootब्रह्मरूप
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
कथम्how?
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
हन्याम्might I kill
हन्याम्:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 1st, Singular, Parasmaipada
अनागसम्guiltless/blameless
अनागसम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअनागस्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
A
atithi (guest)
B
brāhmaṇa (as a guise/form)
R
rākṣasa
N
naraka (hell)

Educational Q&A

The verse upholds dharma: a blameless guest—especially one appearing as a brāhmaṇa—must not be harmed. Killing without just cause, even if the victim is known to be a rākṣasa, is condemned as adharma leading to naraka; rightful action must align with both innocence and the proper time (kāla).

The speaker explains why he could not kill the addressed person earlier: the person behaved pleasingly, committed no offence, and arrived under the protected status of a brāhmaṇa-guest. Additionally, the speaker invokes the idea that death occurs only when one’s destined time is complete.