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Shloka 31

Āraṇyaka-parva, Adhyāya 1 — The Pandavas’ Exit from Gajasāhvaya and the Citizens’ Lament (जनमेजयप्रश्नः; पाण्डवानां वनप्रस्थानम्)

अनीचैनप्यविषयैर्नाधर्मिष्ठिविशेषत: । ये गुणा: कीर्तिता लोके धर्मकामार्थसम्भवा: | लोकाचारेषु सम्भूता वेदोक्ता: शिष्टसम्मता:,उत्तम, प्रसिद्ध एवं विशेषत: धर्मिष्ठ मनुष्योंने लोकमें धर्म, अर्थ और कामकी उत्पत्तिके हेतुभूत जो वेदोक्त गुण (साधन) बताये हैं वे ही लोकाचारमें प्रकट होते हैं--लोगोंद्वारा काममें लाये जाते हैं और शिष्ट पुरुष उन्हींका आदर करते हैं

anīcain apy aviṣayair nādharmiṣṭhi viśeṣataḥ | ye guṇāḥ kīrtitā loke dharmakāmārthasambhavāḥ || lokācāreṣu sambhūtā vedoktāḥ śiṣṭasammatāḥ |

قال فايشَمبايانا: «حتى في الأمور التي ليست سامية أو التي تبدو خارج ما يعنينا مباشرةً، لا يترك البارّ حقًّا حُسنَ التمييز. فالفضائل التي يمدحها الناس في العالم بوصفها مُنْشِئةً للدارما، والأرثا، والكاما—وهي عينُ الوسائل التي علّمها الفيدا—تتجلّى في أعراف المجتمع: يعمل بها الناس، ويصونها ويُعظّمها أهلُ التهذيب والقدوة.»

अनीचैःnot lowly; not meanly
अनीचैः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअनीचैस्
Formavyaya (adverb)
अपिeven/also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
Formavyaya
अविषयैःby/with improper objects (unfit matters)
अविषयैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootअविषय
Formmasculine/neuter, instrumental plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
Formavyaya (negation)
अधर्मिष्ठिO unrighteous one / unrighteous
अधर्मिष्ठि:
TypeAdjective
Rootअधर्मिष्ठिन्
Formmasculine, vocative singular (or nominative singular in some recensions)
विशेषतःespecially; in particular
विशेषतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootविशेषतः
Formavyaya (adverb)
येwhich; those who/that
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
Formmasculine, nominative plural
गुणाःqualities; virtues; means
गुणाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगुण
Formmasculine, nominative plural
कीर्तिताःdeclared; mentioned
कीर्तिताः:
TypeAdjective
Rootकीर्तित
Formmasculine, nominative plural (past passive participle of √कीर्त्/√कीर् 'to praise/mention')
लोकेin the world
लोके:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootलोक
Formmasculine, locative singular
धर्मकामार्थसम्भवाःarising from dharma, kāma, and artha
धर्मकामार्थसम्भवाः:
TypeAdjective
Rootधर्म-काम-अर्थ-सम्भव
Formmasculine, nominative plural
लोकाचारेषुin the practices/customs of the world
लोकाचारेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootलोकाचार
Formmasculine, locative plural
सम्भूताःarisen; manifested
सम्भूताः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्भूत
Formmasculine, nominative plural (past passive participle of √भू with सम्)
वेदोक्ताःenjoined/said in the Veda
वेदोक्ताः:
TypeAdjective
Rootवेद-उक्त
Formmasculine, nominative plural (P.P.P. of √वच् 'said', with उपसर्ग 'उद्/उक्त')
शिष्टसम्मताःapproved by the learned/virtuous
शिष्टसम्मताः:
TypeAdjective
Rootशिष्ट-सम्मत
Formmasculine, nominative plural (P.P.P. of सम्+√मन् 'approved')

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
V
Veda
Ś
śiṣṭa (cultured/exemplary persons)

Educational Q&A

The verse links ethical life to authoritative tradition: the virtues that generate dharma, artha, and kāma are Veda-taught and become real through lokācāra (social practice), upheld by śiṣṭas (exemplary people).

Vaiśampāyana, as narrator, generalizes about how righteousness is recognized and maintained: Vedicly praised virtues are not merely theoretical but are enacted in everyday customs and endorsed by respected, cultured persons.