Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 20

Sanatsujāta-Āhvāna (Summoning Sanatsujāta) — Vidura’s Invocation and Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s Doubt

सनत्युजात उवाच दोषो महानत्र विभेदयोगे हानादियोगेन भवन्ति नित्या: । तथास्य नाधिक्यमपैति किंचि- दनादियोगेन भवन्ति पुंस:,सनत्सुजातने कहा--तुम्हारे इस प्रश्नके अनुसार जीव और ब्रह्मका विशेष भेद प्राप्त होता है, जिसे स्वीकार कर लेनेपर वेदविरोधरूप महान्‌ दोषकी प्राप्ति होती है। अतएव अनादि मायाके सम्बन्धसे जीवोंका कामसुख आदिसे सम्बन्ध होता रहता है। ऐसा होनेपर भी जीवकी महत्ता नष्ट नहीं होती; क्योंकि मायाके सम्बन्धसे जीवके देहादि पुनः उत्पन्न होते रहते हैं

sanatsujāta uvāca | doṣo mahān atra vibheda-yoge hānādi-yogena bhavanti nityāḥ | tathāsya nādhikyam apaiti kiñcid anādi-yogena bhavanti puṃsaḥ ||

قال سَنَتْسُوجَاتَا: «تنشأ هنا زلّة عظيمة إن أُصِرَّ على مذهب الفصل المطلق؛ إذ بالاقتران بالخسارة وما شابهها تبدو تلك الأحوال كأنها دائمة. ومع ذلك فإن سموَّ الإنسان الحقيقي لا ينقص قيد أنملة؛ لأن هذه الأحوال إنما تعرض للكائنات المتجسدة بسبب اقترانٍ لا بداية له».

सनत्सुजातःSanatsujata
सनत्सुजातः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसनत्सुजात
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
दोषःfault, defect
दोषः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदोष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
महान्great
महान्:
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अत्रhere, in this matter
अत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र
विभेद-योगेin the doctrine/connection of difference (separateness)
विभेद-योगे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootविभेदयोग
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
हान-आदि-योगेनby the connection with loss etc.
हान-आदि-योगेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootहानादियोग
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
भवन्तिbecome, are
भवन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormPresent, 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
नित्याःpermanent, constant
नित्याः:
TypeAdjective
Rootनित्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तथाthus, likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
अस्यof him/its
अस्य:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
आधिक्यम्superiority, excess (increase)
आधिक्यम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआधिक्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अपैतिgoes away, departs, is lost
अपैति:
TypeVerb
Rootअप-इ
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
किञ्चित्in the least, at all; something
किञ्चित्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकिञ्चित्
अनादि-योगेनby the beginningless connection
अनादि-योगेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअनादियोग
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
भवन्तिbecome, are
भवन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormPresent, 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
पुंसःof a man/person (of the individual)
पुंसः:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootपुंस्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular

सनत्युजात उवाच

S
Sanatsujāta

Educational Q&A

Sanatsujāta warns that asserting an absolute, final separation (vibheda) between the self and the highest reality leads to a serious doctrinal error. The changing states of loss, pleasure, and other conditions belong to the realm of beginningless association (anādi-yoga)—i.e., conditioned embodiment—while the self’s intrinsic excellence is not truly reduced.

In the Udyoga Parva’s Sanatsujātīya discourse, Sanatsujāta instructs Dhṛtarāṣṭra on spiritual knowledge. Here he addresses a metaphysical doubt about difference and identity, explaining that worldly afflictions seem persistent due to beginningless conditioning, yet they do not touch the essential greatness of the self.