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Shloka 20

Udyoga-parva Adhyāya 28: Dharmādharmalakṣaṇa in Āpad

Crisis-Discernment of Right and Wrong

ते चेत्‌ पित्रये कर्मणि वर्तमाना आपसट्येरन्‌ दिष्टवशेन मृत्युम्‌ । यथाशक्त्या पूरयन्त: स्वकर्म तदप्येषां निधन स्यात्‌ प्रशस्तम्‌,पाण्डव अपने बाप-दादोंके कर्म-क्षात्रधर्म (युद्ध आदि)-में प्रवृत्त हो यथाशक्ति अपने कर्तव्यका पालन करते हुए यदि दैववश मृत्युको भी प्राप्त हो जायेँ तो इनकी वह मृत्यु उत्तम ही मानी जायगी

te cet pitrye karmaṇi vartamānā āpasatyeran diṣṭavaśena mṛtyum | yathāśaktyā pūrayantaḥ svakarma tad apy eṣāṁ nidhanaṁ syāt praśastam ||

إن هم انخرطوا في الواجب الموروث عن الأسلاف—وخاصة عمل الكشاتريا في ساحة القتال—ثم لقوا الموت بقوة القدر، فإن حتى تلك الميتة تُعَدُّ ميتةً كريمة، لأنهم قد أدّوا واجبهم على قدر استطاعتهم.

तेthey (those)
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
चेत्if
चेत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचेत्
पित्र्येin ancestral (pertaining to the fathers)
पित्र्ये:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootपित्र्य
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
कर्मणिin duty/action
कर्मणि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
वर्तमानाengaged/acting
वर्तमाना:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवृत्
Formशानच् (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Plural
आपत्calamity/misfortune
आपत्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआपद्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
ट्येरन्might go/come upon (reach)
ट्येरन्:
TypeVerb
Rootअट्
FormVidhi-lin (optative), Parasmaipada, 3rd, Plural
दिष्टवशेनby the power of fate
दिष्टवशेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootदिष्टवश
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
मृत्युम्death
मृत्युम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमृत्यु
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
यथाas/according to
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
शक्त्याwith (one's) ability
शक्त्या:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशक्ति
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
पूरयन्तःfulfilling
पूरयन्तः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootपूर्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Plural
स्वकर्मone's own duty
स्वकर्म:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootस्वकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तत्that (even that)
तत्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अपिeven/also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
एषाम्of these (men)
एषाम्:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
निधनम्death/end
निधनम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनिधन
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
स्यात्would be
स्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormVidhi-lin (optative), Parasmaipada, 3rd, Singular
प्रशस्तम्praiseworthy/excellent
प्रशस्तम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रशस्त
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular

वायुदेव उवाच

V
Vāyudeva
P
Pāṇḍavas
P
pitṛs (forefathers/ancestors)
K
kṣātra-dharma (warrior duty)

Educational Q&A

One should adhere to one’s inherited and rightful duty (svakarma/pitrya karma), and if death comes while fulfilling it to the best of one’s ability, that death is considered honorable and ethically commendable.

Vāyudeva speaks in support of the Pāṇḍavas’ commitment to kṣatriya duty: if they engage in their forefathers’ warrior obligations and even die due to destiny while doing so, their end is praised as a noble outcome of steadfast dharma.