Shloka 23

यमुनाजलमाश्रित्य संवत्सरमथापरम्‌ | उदवासं निराहारा पारयामास भाविनी,तत्पश्चात्‌ तीव्र क्रोधसे युक्त हुई अम्बाने पैरके अँगूठेके अग्रभागपर खड़ी हो अपने- आप झड़कर गिरा हुआ केवल एक सूखा पत्ता खाकर एक वर्ष व्यतीत किया ।। एवं द्वादश वर्षाणि तापयामास रोदसी । निवर्त्यमानापि च सा ज्ञातिभिनैव शक्‍यते इस प्रकार बारह वर्षोतक कठोर तपस्यामें संलग्न हो उसने पृथ्वी और आकाशको संतप्त कर दिया। उसके जातिवालोंने आकर उसे उस कठोर व्रतसे निवृत्त करनेकी चेष्टा की; परंतु उन्हें सफलता न मिल सकी

yamunā-jalam āśritya saṁvatsaram athāparam | udavāsaṁ nirāhārā pārāyām āsa bhāvinī || evaṁ dvādaśa varṣāṇi tāpayām āsa rodasī | nivartyamānāpi ca sā jñātibhir naiva śakyate ||

واعتمدت على مياه يَمونا، فقضت المرأة الصلبة عامًا آخر في نسكٍ شديد—اعتزالًا وصومًا. ثم بعد ذلك، مدفوعةً بغضبٍ عارم وعزمٍ لا يتزعزع، احتملت رياضةً قاسية اثنتي عشرة سنة، حتى خُيِّل أنها تُلهب الأرض والسماء. ومع أن ذويها جاؤوا يحاولون صرفها عن ذلك النذر الشديد، لم يفلحوا.

यमुनाof the Yamunā
यमुना:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयमुना
FormFeminine, Genitive, Singular
जलम्water
जलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootजल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आश्रित्यhaving resorted to
आश्रित्य:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-श्रि
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral)
संवत्सरम्a year
संवत्सरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसंवत्सर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अथthen
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
अपरम्another (one)
अपरम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअपर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
उदवासम्a vow of fasting/abstinence
उदवासम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootउद्वास
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
निराहाराwithout food; fasting
निराहारा:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनिराहार
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
पारयामासshe carried out/completed
पारयामास:
TypeVerb
Rootपारय् (caus. of पॄ/पॄ?)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
भाविनीthe noble lady (Ambā)
भाविनी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभाविनी
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
एवम्thus
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
द्वादशtwelve
द्वादश:
TypeAdjective
Rootद्वादश
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
वर्षाणिyears
वर्षाणि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवर्ष
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
तापयामासshe heated/tormented
तापयामास:
TypeVerb
Rootतप् (caus. तापय्)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
रोदसीearth and heaven (the two worlds)
रोदसी:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरोदसी
FormFeminine, Accusative, Dual
निवर्त्यमानाम्being turned back (i.e., though being restrained)
निवर्त्यमानाम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootनि-वृत् (caus. निवर्तय्) / निवर्त्यमान (PPP/pass. pres. part.)
Formशानच् (present passive participle), Feminine, Accusative, Singular
अपिeven/though
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
साshe
सा:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सः/सा/तत्)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
ज्ञातिभिःby (her) kinsmen
ज्ञातिभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootज्ञाति
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
शक्यतेwas possible / could be done
शक्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootशक्
FormPresent (लट्), 3rd, Singular, Ātmanepada (passive sense)

राम उवाच

R
Rāma (speaker)
Y
Yamunā (river)
B
bhāvinī (the woman; contextually Ambā in Udyoga-parvan narrative)
J
jñātayaḥ (kinsmen/relatives)
R
rodasī (earth and sky)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how unwavering determination can become spiritually potent through tapas, yet it also warns that when resolve is driven by intense anger, it can harden into an unyielding fixation—so strong that even well-meaning relatives cannot turn one back from a severe course.

A resolute woman undertakes prolonged austerities by the Yamunā—first a year of strict fasting and seclusion, then twelve years of even harsher penance so powerful it is said to heat earth and sky. Her relatives attempt to stop her, but fail.