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Shloka 3

Udyoga-parva Adhyāya 165 — Bhīṣma’s Appraisal and Karṇa’s Rebuttal (भीष्म–कर्ण विवादः)

एतस्य रथवंशे हि तिग्मवेगप्रहारिण: । काम्बोजानां महाराज शलभानामिवायति:

etasya rathavaṁśe hi tigmavegaprahāriṇaḥ | kāmbojānāṁ mahārāja śalabhānām ivāyatiḥ ||

قال بهيشما: «أيها الملك العظيم، إن في سلالة هذا المقاتل من أهل العجلات قوةَ ضربةٍ عاتيةٍ سريعةٍ حقًّا. وإن اندفاع الكامبوجا يقع على العدو كأسراب الجراد المباغتة—جارفًا، خاطفًا، عسيرَ الدفع.»

एतस्यof this (man)
एतस्य:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
रथवंशेin the line/lineage of charioteers
रथवंशे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरथवंश
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
तिग्मवेगप्रहारिणःof the striker/assailant with sharp speed
तिग्मवेगप्रहारिणः:
Sambandha
TypeAdjective
Rootतिग्मवेगप्रहारिन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
काम्बोजानाम्of the Kambojas
काम्बोजानाम्:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootकाम्बोज
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
महाराजO great king
महाराज:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाराज
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
शलभानाम्of locusts
शलभानाम्:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootशलभ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
इवlike/as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
आयतिःapproach/coming onrush
आयतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआयति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
M
Mahārāja (the king addressed, i.e., Dhṛtarāṣṭra in this context)
K
Kāmbojas
R
Ratha-vaṁśa (chariot-lineage)
Ś
Śalabha (locusts)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores how inherited martial discipline and collective force can make an army’s advance irresistible; it cautions rulers to recognize the real momentum of trained warrior-groups and not underestimate a swift, coordinated assault.

Bhīṣma is describing the fighting quality and terrifying advance associated with a particular warrior’s chariot-lineage, comparing the Kāmbojas’ onrush to a locust-swarm—an image meant to convey speed, density, and overwhelming impact in battle.