Shloka 18
Devanagari script
उदतिष्ठत् स वेगेन क्रोधेन प्रज्वलजन्निव । उद्वृत्य सहसा नेत्रे दन्तान् कटकटाय्य च
Transliteration
udatiṣṭhat sa vegena krodhena prajvalann iva | udvṛtya sahasā netre dantān kaṭakaṭāyya ca ||
Translation
قال سنجيا: نهض مسرعًا بعنف، كأنه يتّقد غضبًا. وفي لحظةٍ دحرج عينيه وصرّ على أسنانه.
Word by Word
उदतिष्ठत्rose up
उदतिष्ठत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootउत्-स्था (स्था धातु)
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वेगेनwith speed/impetuously
वेगेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootवेग
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
क्रोधेनwith anger
क्रोधेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootक्रोध
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
प्रज्वलजन्blazing
प्रज्वलजन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-√ज्वल्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
इवas if/like
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
उद्वृत्यhaving rolled up/raised (e.g., eyes)
उद्वृत्य:
TypeVerb
Rootउद्-√वृत्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Active
सहसाsuddenly
सहसा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसहसा
नेत्रेthe two eyes
नेत्रे:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनेत्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Dual
दन्तान्teeth
दन्तान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदन्त
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
कटकटाय्यhaving gnashed (making a clattering sound)
कटकटाय्य:
TypeVerb
Rootकटकटाय् (धातु)
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund; Vedic/epic variant -य्य for -त्वा), Active
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Characters & Entities
स
संजय (Sañjaya)A
an unnamed male figure (saḥ)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
The verse highlights how anger manifests physically and rapidly overwhelms composure; ethically, it warns that unchecked wrath is a precursor to harmful speech and action, especially in moments leading toward conflict.
Sañjaya describes a person abruptly rising in a surge of rage—eyes rolling and teeth gnashing—indicating an escalation of tension and an imminent, potentially violent response within the war-preparatory setting of the Udyoga Parva.