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Shloka 37

Udyoga-parva Adhyāya 123 — Bhīṣma–Droṇa–Vidura Upadeśa to Duryodhana

Keśava-vākya aftermath

“जो अधम मनुष्य इन्द्रियोंके वशीभूत होकर लोभवश धर्मको छोड़ देता है, वह अयोग्य उपायोंसे अर्थ और कामकी लिप्सामें पड़कर नष्ट हो जाता है ।। कामार्थो लिप्समानस्तु धर्ममेवादितकश्चरेत्‌ । न हि धर्मादपैत्यर्थ: कामो वापि कदाचन,“जो अर्थ और काम प्राप्त करना चाहता हो, उसे पहले धर्मका ही आचरण करना चाहिये; क्योंकि अर्थ या काम कभी धर्मसे पृथक नहीं होता है

kāma-arthau lipsamānas tu dharmam evādau ācaret | na hi dharmād apaiti arthaḥ kāmo vāpi kadācana ||

قال فايشَمبايانا: «إن الرجل الوضيع، إذا استُعبد لحواسه ودفعه الطمع حتى ترك الدارما، هلك—إذ يسقط في طلب المال واللذة بوسائل غير جديرة. لذلك، من ابتغى الرخاء والمتعة فليبدأ بممارسة الدارما؛ لأن الأرثا والكاما لا ينفصلان حقًّا عن الدارما قط.»

कामार्थौpleasure and wealth (objects sought)
कामार्थौ:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकामार्थ (काम + अर्थ)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
लिप्समानःdesiring to obtain
लिप्समानः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootलिप्स् (desiderative of लभ्)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
धर्मम्dharma, righteousness
धर्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
एवonly/indeed
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
आदितःat first, from the beginning
आदितः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआदि
चरेत्should practice/should follow
चरेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootचर्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
धर्मात्from dharma
धर्मात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
अपैतिdeparts/goes away
अपैति:
TypeVerb
Rootअप + इ
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
अर्थःwealth, benefit
अर्थः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कामःdesire/pleasure
कामः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकाम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
कदाचनever/at any time
कदाचन:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकदाचन

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana

Educational Q&A

Artha (wealth) and kāma (pleasure) should be pursued only on the foundation of dharma; abandoning dharma under greed and sense-slavery leads to ruin, because true prosperity and enjoyment cannot be sustainably separated from righteousness.

Vaiśampāyana, as the narrator, delivers a moral reflection within the Udyoga Parva’s counsel-filled context: he contrasts the downfall of those who chase gain through improper means with the proper order of life—dharma first, then artha and kāma.